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Table 3 Risk Ratios for conduct problems by gender within ethnic group

From: Prevalence of conduct problems and social risk factors in ethnically diverse inner-city schools

 

Conduct problems

*Fighting/Bullying

*Rule-breaking

Unadjusted RR (95%CI)

Adjusted RR (95%CI)

Unadjusted RR (95%CI)

Adjusted RR (95%CI)

Unadjusted RR (95%CI)

Adjusted RR (95%CI)

Overall gender difference

 Girl

0.83 (0.70–0.96)

0.81 (0.67–0.95)

1·02 (0·87–1·17)

1·02 (0·84–1·19)

0·89 (0·76–1·02)

0·85 (0·71–1·00)

Within ethnic group

 Black African

0.98 (0.77–1.18)

0.98 (0.77–1.18)

0.97 (0.83–1.11)

0.97 (0.82–1.13)

0.98 (0.78–1.18)

0.97 (0.76–1.19)

 Black Caribbean

0.99 (0.82–1.16)

1.01 (0.76–1.27)

0.86 (0.65–1.07)

0.87 (0.63–1.11)

0.83 (0.64–1.02)

0.80 (0.59–1.00)

 Indian/Pakistani/Bangladeshi

1.31 (0.22–2.41)

1.76 (− 0.10–3.61)

0.93 (0.07–1.80)

0.89 (0.10–1.68)

0.78 (0.12–1.43)

0.74 (0.03–1.45)

 Latin American

0.37 (0.11–0.63)

0.38 (0.12–0.64)

1.16 (0.62–1.69)

0.99 (0.52–1.45)

1.01 (0.51–1.50)

0.99 (0.52–1.45)

 Mixed white and black

0.78 (0.54–1.02)

0.78 (0.54–1.02)

0.90 (0.55–1.26)

0.89 (0.53–1.26)

1.08 (0.81–1.36)

1.13 (0.76–1.49)

 Other black

0.71 (0.21–1.21)

0.72 (0.23–1.21)

0.98 (0.61–1.34)

0.96 (0.58–1.33)

0.88 (0.59–1.16)

0.85 (0.50–1.20)

 Other mixed/multiple

1.28 (0.62–1.95)

1.23 (0.53–1.93)

1.07 (0.60–1.54)

1.05 (0.52–1.58)

0.66 (0.47–0.86)

0.58 (0.41–0.76)

 Other white

0.40 (0.11–0.68)

0.38 (0.10–0.65)

1.30 (0.78–1.81)

1.33 (0.81–1.85)

0.97 (0.81–1.13)

0.94 (0.74–1.15)

 Other/unknown

0.94 (0.26–1.62)

0.93 (0.27–1.58)

0.98 (0.45–1.52)

1.01 (0.42–1.59)

0.85 (0.47–1.22)

0.82 (0.39–1.24)

 White British

0.80 (0.35–1.26)

0.77 (0.27–1.26)

1.02 (0.75–1.29)

1.02 (0.76–1.28)

0.70 (0.52–0.87)

0.66 (0.46–0.86)

  1. RR Risk ratio, 95%CI 95% Confidence Interval
  2. For gender comparisons, boys are used as the reference. For ethnic comparisons, the overall sample prevalence is used as the reference
  3. Adjusted for clustering by school, year group, and free school meal
  4. *Administered at 10 of 12 schools, total sample (n = 3535)