Table 1 The demographic characteristics of subjects according to T2DM by gender
Variables | Total | Men | Women | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-T2DM | T2DM | P | Non-T2DM | T2DM | P | Non-T2DM | T2DM | P | |
N | 33,696 | 3580 | Â | 13,128 | 1328 | Â | 20,568 | 2252 | Â |
Age(year), mean ± SD | 55.51 ± 12.23 | 60.58 ± 9.12 | < 0.001 | 56.92 ± 12.29 | 59.74 ± 9.7 | < 0.001 | 54.61 ± 12.11 | 61.08 ± 8.73 | < 0.001 |
Marital status, n (%) |  |  | 0.018 |  |  | 0.011 |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Married/cohabitation | 30,210 (89.65) | 3164 (88.38) |  | 11,747 (89.48) | 1218 (91.72) |  | 18,463 (89.77) | 1946 (86.41) |  |
 Unmarried/divorced/widowed | 3486 (10.35) | 416 (11.62) |  | 1381 (10.52) | 110 (8.28) |  | 2105 (10.23) | 306 (13.59) |  |
Educational levels, n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |  |  | 0.561 |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Primary school or below | 15,129 (44.90) | 2013 (56.23) |  | 4573 (34.83) | 459 (34.56) |  | 10,556 (51.32) | 1554 (69.01) |  |
 Junior high school | 13,498 (40.06) | 1161 (32.43) |  | 6063 (46.18) | 601 (45.26) |  | 7435 (36.15) | 560 (24.87) |  |
 Senior high school or above | 5069 (15.04) | 406 (11.34) |  | 2492 (18.98) | 268 (20.18) |  | 2577 (12.53) | 138 (6.13) |  |
Average income per month, n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |  |  | 0.535 |  |  | < 0.001 |
  < 500 RMB | 12,125 (35.98) | 1430 (39.94) |  | 4880 (37.17) | 509 (38.33) |  | 7245 (35.22) | 921 (40.90) |  |
 500- RMB | 11,147 (33.08) | 1154 (32.23) |  | 4176 (31.81) | 426 (32.08) |  | 6971 (33.89) | 728 (32.33) |  |
  ≥ 1000 RMB | 10,424 (30.94) | 996 (27.82) |  | 4072 (31.02) | 393 (29.59) |  | 6352 (30.88) | 603 (26.78) |  |
High vegetables and fruits intake, n (%) | 14,363 (42.63) | 1271 (35.51) | < 0.001 | 5732 (43.67) | 506 (38.13) | < 0.001 | 8631 (41.96) | 765 (33.97) | < 0.001 |
High fat diet, n (%) | 6482 (19.24) | 573 (16.01) | < 0.001 | 3291 (25.07) | 310 (23.34) | 0.166 | 3191 (15.51) | 263 (11.68) | < 0.001 |
Smoker, n (%) | 6428 (19.08) | 499 (13.94) | < 0.001 | 6375 (48.56) | 491 (36.97) | < 0.001 | 53 (0.26) | 8 (0.36) | 0.61 |
Drinker, n (%) | 6033 (17.90) | 514 (14.36) | < 0.001 | 5470 (41.67) | 484 (36.45) | < 0.001 | 563 (2.74) | 30 (1.33) | < 0.001 |
Physical activity, n (%) |  |  | < 0.001 |  |  | < 0.001 |  |  | < 0.001 |
 Light | 10,545 (31.29) | 1414 (39.50) |  | 4564 (34.77) | 580 (43.67) |  | 5981 (29.08) | 834 (37.03) |  |
 Moderate | 12,823 (38.05) | 1261 (35.22) |  | 3618 (27.56) | 357 (26.88) |  | 9205 (44.75) | 904 (40.14) |  |
 Vigorous | 10,328 (30.65) | 905 (25.28) |  | 4946 (37.68) | 391 (29.44) |  | 5382 (26.17) | 514 (22.82) |  |
Family history of diabetes, n (%) | 1181 (3.50) | 346 (9.66) | < 0.001 | 374 (2.85) | 133 (10.02) | < 0.001 | 807 (3.92) | 213 (9.46) | < 0.001 |
Body mass index | 24.68 ± 3.53 | 26.15 ± 3.68 | < 0.001 | 24.35 ± 3.43 | 26 ± 3.54 | < 0.001 | 24.89 ± 3.57 | 26.25 ± 3.76 | < 0.001 |
Night sleep duration, mean ± SD | 7.75 ± 1.27 | 7.87 ± 1.36 | < 0.001 | 7.74 ± 1.28 | 7.88 ± 1.24 | < 0.001 | 7.76 ± 1.26 | 7.87 ± 1.42 | < 0.001 |
PSQI scores, mean ± SD | 3.77 ± 2.71 | 4.01 ± 2.88 | < 0.001 | 3.30 ± 2.36 | 3.31 ± 2.20 | 0.951 | 4.08 ± 2.88 | 4.45 ± 3.15 | < 0.001 |
Snoring, n (%) | 10,693 (41.8) | 1239 (49.2) | < 0.001 | 5271 (51.3) | 527 (55.1) | 0.027 | 5422 (35.4) | 712 (45.6) | < 0.001 |
Napping duration, mean ± SD | 57.06 ± 50.38 | 61.00 ± 50.5 | < 0.001 | 62.85 ± 49.91 | 65.4 ± 49.17 | 0.075 | 53.37 ± 50.33 | 58.4 ± 51.1 | < 0.001 |
Midpoint of sleep, mean ± SD | 1.93 ± 0.79 | 1.83 ± 0.80 | < 0.001 | 1.92 ± 0.84 | 1.85 ± 0.85 | 0.003 | 1.94 ± 0.75 | 1.81 ± 0.77 | < 0.001 |