| Unadjusted OR | 95% CI | Adjusted OR | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|
HIV status | ||||
 HIV-uninfected | Ref |  |  |  |
 HIV-uninfected | 1.20 | 0.85–1.69 |  |  |
Study site | ||||
 Kayunga, Uganda | 15.24 | 8.15–28.49 | 16.26 | 8.65–30.55 |
 South Rift Valley, Kenya | 2.68 | 1.40–5.16 | 3.03 | 1.56–5.88 |
 Kisumu West, Kenya | – |  | – |  |
 Mbeya, Tanzania | 3.81 | 1.94–7.47 | 3.70 | 1.88–7.29 |
 Abuja & Lagos Nigeria | 4.50 | 2.21–9.14 | 5.84 | 2.78–12.28 |
Age at enrollment (years) | ||||
 18–29 | 2.78 | 1.68–4.58 | 2.29 | 1.35–3.87 |
 30–39 | 2.43 | 1.50–3.93 | 2.06 | 1.25–3.39 |
 40–49 | 1.96 | 1.19–3.21 | 1.76 | 1.05–2.93 |
 50+ | Ref |  | – |  |
Sex | ||||
 Male | Ref |  | – |  |
 Female | 2.80 | 2.08–3.77 | 2.64 | 1.94–3.59 |
Education | ||||
 Primary or below | 1.51 | 1.16–1.95 | 1.41 | 1.05–1.90 |
 Secondary or above | Ref |  | – |  |
Used condom at last sex with regular partner | ||||
 No regular partner | 1.60 | 1.17–2.18 |  |  |
 Used a condom |  |  |  |  |
 Did not use a condom | 1.33 | 0.98–1.80 |  |  |
Used condom at last sex with casual partner | ||||
 No casual partner | 1.74 | 0.98–3.08 |  |  |
 Used a condom | Ref |  |  |  |
 Did not use a condom | 2.98 | 1.37–6.48 |  |  |
Current number of sexual partners | ||||
 No sexual partners | 1.27 | 0.95–1.69 |  |  |
 One sexual partner | Ref |  |  |  |
 Two or more sexual partners | 1.17 | 0.81–1.68 |  |  |
Early sexual debut | ||||
 > 16 years at first sex | Ref |  |  |  |
 ≤ 16 years at first sex | 1.30 | 1.01–1.66 |  |  |
Consume alcohol | ||||
 No | Ref |  |  |  |
 Yes | 1.05 | 0.77–1.42 |  |  |
Recreational drug use | ||||
 No | Ref |  |  |  |
 Yes | 0.23 | 0.06–0.93 |  |  |
Depression | ||||
 No | Ref |  | – |  |
 Yes | 1.88 | 1.42–2.47 | 1.78 | 1.32–2.38 |