Association of source country gender inequality with experiencing assault and poor mental health among young female immigrants to Ontario, Canada

Table 3 Poisson regression for association between GII^a and primary outcomes (N = 204,124)^a,b

	Experiencing Assault			Mental Health Composite
	IRR	95%LCL	95%UCL	IRR	95%LCL	95%UCL
GII Quartile (Ref: GII Q1)^a
GII Q2	1.48	1.08	2.01	0.83	0.69	1.01
GII Q3	1.53	0.99	2.34	0.92	0.73	1.16
GII Q4	1.58	1.08	2.31	0.91	0.68	1.22
Largest 4 Countries
China	1.15	0.85	1.57	0.39	0.32	0.48
Philippines	0.91	0.64	1.30	0.86	0.74	1.00
Pakistan	0.40	0.33	0.48	0.72	0.62	0.84
India	0.44	0.36	0.53	0.62	0.53	0.73
Age at Immigration (Years) (Ref: 22,23,24,25)
6–9	1.69	1.24	2.31	2.41	2.01	2.88
10–13	2.05	1.66	2.55	2.02	1.76	2.31
14–17	2.29	1.85	2.84	1.97	1.75	2.20
18–21	1.72	1.43	2.06	1.55	1.40	1.72
22–25	1.14	0.96	1.36	1.18	1.05	1.31
Income Quintile (Ref: Quintile1)
Income Quintile 2	0.84	0.75	0.94	0.92	0.85	0.99
Income Quintile 3	0.85	0.74	0.99	0.99	0.89	1.09
Income Quintile 4	0.82	0.71	0.96	0.90	0.82	0.99
Income Quintile 5 (Highest)	0.75	0.59	0.95	1.03	0.88	1.22
Gross National Income (GNI) Categorization (Ref: Low income)
Lower-middle-income	0.85	0.62	1.18	0.94	0.76	1.16
Upper-middle-income	1.25	0.87	1.80	1.10	0.85	1.42
High-income	1.21	0.82	1.81	1.07	0.77	1.49
Immigration Status (Ref: Economic)
Refugee	2.96	2.32	3.76	1.73	1.50	2.01
Family	2.26	1.81	2.83	1.49	1.31	1.71
Immigration Period (Ref: 2003–2005)
2006–2008	1.00	0.88	1.14	1.02	0.95	1.09
2009–2011	1.04	0.90	1.20	1.09	0.98	1.21
2012–2014	1.08	0.88	1.32	1.13	1.00	1.28
2015–2017	0.84	0.64	1.11	1.25	1.05	1.48

^aGII = Gender Inequality Index
^bExperiencing assault and mental health composite are modeled in separate regression models

ISSN: 1471-2458