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Table 2 Goodness-of-fit statistics of using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM), a modified Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) model with cross-loadings and a basic CFA model without cross-loadings for the Appel et al.’s 10-item NFA scale in the 4 subsamples

From: Are need for affect and cognition culture dependent? Implications for global public health campaigns: a cross-sectional study

Model tested

λ2

df

p

CFI

TLI

NFI

RMSEA

AIC

ECVI

ESEM

Chinese subsample 1

79.325

22

<.001

0.975

0.950

0.967

0.067

165.325

0.285

Chinese subsample 2

90.266

22

<.001

0.971

0.940

0.962

0.073

176.266

0.302

American subsample 1

40.860

22

<.001

0.988

0.969

0.974

0.041

126.86

0.251

American subsample 2

52.681

22

<.001

0.976

0.940

0.960

0.054

138.681

0.294

Modified

CFA

Chinese subsample 1

19.299

14

<.001

0.997

0.991

0.982

0.028

125.299

0.216

Chinese subsample 2

26.168

14

<.001

0.989

0.974

0.972

0.045

132.168

0.226

American subsample 1

15.033

14

<.001

0.999

0.997

0.989

0.013

117.033

0.248

American subsample 2

24.746

14

<.001

0.994

0.983

0.980

0.032

126.746

0.250

Basic

CFA

Chinese subsample 1

83.327

18

<.001

0.971

0.912

0.965

0.089

187.327

0.323

Chinese subsample 2

86.597

18

<.001

0.969

0.908

0.964

0.090

190.597

0.326

American subsample 1

28.122

17

<.001

0.983

0.980

0.982

0.035

124.122

0.245

American subsample 2

35.795

17

<.001

0.982

0.957

0.973

0.046

131.795

0.279

Criterion for goodness of fit

   

≥ 0.9

≥ 0.9

≥ 0.9

≤ 0.1

  
  1. Note: λ2 Normed chi-square, df Degree of freedom, CFI Comparative fit index, TLI Turker and Lewis’s Index of fit, NFI Normed fit index, RMSEA Root mean square error of approximation, AIC Akaike Information Criterion, ECVI Expected Cross-Validation Index