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Table 2 Example of one vignette derived from the focus group data and cluster analysis

From: Understanding disadvantaged adolescents’ perception of health literacy through a systematic development of peer vignettes

Lifestyle behaviors

Information on risky behaviours

Information on positive behaviours

4. Health Information from media

Social support

Understanding health information

Effect of lifestyle on health

Appraisal of health information

5.81

3.35

3.46

5.55

3.37

2.12

4.73

1.96

Brief Descriptive overview from cluster analysis:

Cluster 3 included 187 students and was evenly distributed for gender. Scores for lifestyle behaviours, information on risky behaviours, information on positive behaviours and understanding health information were second lowest of all clusters. Scores for information from media sources were second highest of all clusters. Physical activity levels among participants in this cluster were also second lowest of all clusters with an average of 60 min of physical activity on 3.47 days per week.

Final Vignette (derived from qualitative data):

Emma is 14. Emma believes that if you want to be healthy and happy with yourself, you need friends to talk to. Her favourite thing to do is go out with the girls. They love going for food and looking around the shops. It’s good because without even realizing it, they actually walk a lot.

Emma loves it when all her friends come around to her house because her Mam always order Dominos for them, and then they can go to McDonalds for a McFlurry after. Emma knows that if your parents are working all day and they’re coming home late, they’re wrecked so they don’t always have time to cook. She doesn’t mind, she loves pizza and ice cream. She loved the chipper around the corner where they used to live, but they had to move house and her Dad won’t drive to get it after he’s had a drink in the evening.

Emma is addicted to her phone. She follows every fashion and make up influencer. She loves trying out the videos and doing her make-up. Sometimes she thinks that she’s overweight compared to other people. It takes Emma ages to get ready for school in the morning. Then after school, even if it’s just going to the park, it takes her even longer to get changed and choose what to wear.

Emma used to play sport but stopped because her friends stopped going. She used to do dance but the classes were by her old house so she can’t go anymore. She still has to do PE in school, but she tries to forget her gear at least every second week. She doesn’t like having to get changed in front of everyone. Someone said something about what she was wearing and now it just feels like they’re staring at her every time she gets changed.