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Table 2 Factors associated with possible COVID-19: adjusted OR (95% CI) Multinomial regression results Reference group: probable infection prior to the lockdown. OR adjusted for all the variables presented in the table

From: When lockdown policies amplify social inequalities in COVID-19 infections: evidence from a cross-sectional population-based survey in France

 

no symptoms/likely infection prior the lockdown

P-Value

likely infection during the lockdown/likely infection prior the lockdown

P-Value

Age

 18–34

1

 

1

 

 35–44

0.95 (0.77–1.17)

0.622

1.00 (0.72–1.38)

0.99

 45–54

0.87 (0.71–1.07)

0.198

0.69 (0.49–0.97)

0.035

 55–64

1.09 (0.86–1.37)

0.475

0.73 (0.49–1.07)

0.101

Sex

 Female

1

 

1

 

 Male

1.00 (0.86–1.15)

0.95

1.03 (0.82–1.30)

0.809

Social Class

 Upper class

1

 

1

 

 Upper middle class

0.98 (0.82–1.18)

0.861

1.09 (0.80–1.48)

0.594

 Lower middle class

1.15 (0.87–1.50)

0.322

1.28 (0.84–1.97)

0.251

 Working class

1.11 (0.83–1.49)

0.467

1.57 (1.00–2.48)

0.051

 Health professional

1.05 (0.69–1.61)

0.82

1.66 (0.91–3.04)

0.098

Professional status

 Unemployed at the time of lockdown’s onset

1

 

1

 

 Employed and stopped working since COVID

1.03 (0.85–1.25)

0.77

0.79 (0.56–1.12)

0.181

 Full time teleworking

0.84 (0.67–1.05)

0.126

1.11 (0.78–1.58)

0.568

 in-person professional activities

1.25 (0.96–1.62)

0.104

1.53 (1.03–2.29)

0.037

Overcrowding housing

0.80 (0.60–1.06)

0.121

1.24 (0.80–1.90)

0.338

Region

 Ile-de-France

1

 

1

 

 Grand Est

0.99 (0.83–1.18)

0.924

0.84 (0.63–1.13)

0.258

 Hauts-de-France

1.39 (1.13–1.71)

0.002

1.26 (0.91–1.74)

0.168

  1. 111 (1%) participants excluded from the multivariate model due to missing values including 41 with possible COVID-19. Chronic disease, obesity, smoking and individual preventive measures are not presented in the final model since the odds ratio for the social class remained of the same magnitude (Supplementary Table 1)