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Table 1 Behavioural, physical and biochemical risk factors for non-communicable diseases by age and gender group

From: The prevalence of risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases in Afghan refugees in southern Iran: a cross-sectional study

Factor

No.

% Crude prevalence (CI)

% Standardized prevalence (CI)

Prevalence in age subgroups (%)

Men % (CI)

Women % (CI)

P-value

15–24

25–44

45–65

Above 65

p-value

Total number

276

100

100

114

162

–

69

132

57

18

–

Behavioural variables

 Fruit/vegetables < 5 servings

261

94 (91–96)

69 (67–71)

94 (88–98)

94 (89–97)

0.916

94

93

96

100

0.582

 Insufficient physical activity

50

18 (13–23)

14 (10–18)

11 (6–18)

22 (16–30)

0.015

15

16

19

33

0.352

 Tobacco use

26

9 (6–13)

8 (4–11)

18 (11–26)

3 (1–7)

< 0.001

10

9

10

5

0.928

 Known diabetes

7

2 (1–5)

1 (0.3–3)

0.8 (0.02–4)

3 (1–7)

0.141

0

0.7

10

0

< 0.001

 Prediabetes

16

5 (3–9)

4 (2–7)

4 (1–9)

6 (3–11)

0.400

5

3

10

5

0.346

 Elevated fasting plasma glucose

9

3 (1–6)

2 (0.6–3)

1 (0.2–6)

4 (1–8)

0.237

1

1

10

0

0.007

 Known HTN

45

16 (12–21)

13 (9–16)

14 (8–21)

17 (12–24)

0.392

1

9

38

55

< 0.001

 Prehypertension

62

22 (17–27)

15 (11–19)

24 (16–33)

20 (14–28)

0.484

18

26

22

5

0.193

 Elevated blood pressure

56

20 (15–25)

16 (12–19)

20 (13–28)

20 (14–27)

0.968

7

12

42

55

< 0.001

 Metabolic syndrome

39

14 (10–18)

10 (7–13)

7 (3–13)

19 (13–26)

0.004

7

12

24

22

0.027

Physical variables

 Abnormal waist-to-hip ratio

141

51 (45–57)

37 (32–42)

39 (30–49)

59 (51–66)

0.001

28

51

77

50

< 0.001

 Abnormal waist-to-height ratio

79

28 (22–35)

27 (22–32)

42 (31–55)

19 (13–27)

< 0.001

26

29

29

27

0.956

 Metabolically healthy obesity

35

12 (8–17)

8 (5–11)

12 (6–19)

12 (8–19)

0.867

8

18

7

0

0.019

 Underweight

16

5 (3–9)

6 (4–9)

7 (3–13)

4 (2–9)

0.467

11

1

5

16

0.006

 Overweight

68

24 (19–30)

19 (15–23)

24 (16–33)

24 (18–32)

0.980

13

27

29

33

0.070

 Obese

55

19 (15–25)

13 (10–16)

15 (9–23)

22 (16–30)

0.149

13

25

21

5

0.088

Biochemical variables

 Elevated total cholesterol

107

38 (32–44)

28 (23–33)

38 (29–44)

38 (31–46)

0.961

20

38

59

44

< 0.001

 Elevated TG

36

13 (9–17)

9 (5–12)

11 (6–18)

14 (9–20)

0.497

2

18

12

16

0.023

 High LDL

9

3 (1–6)

2 (0.6–3)

2 (0.5–7)

3 (1–7)

0.621

0

4

3

5

0.344

 Low HDL

113

40 (35–46)

29 (25–34)

16 (10–24)

58 (50–65)

< 0.001

42

40

42

33

0.920

 Abnormal lipid profile

191

69 (63–74)

49 (45–54)

54 (44–63)

79 (72–85)

< 0.001

55

68

84

77

0.004