Table 1 Characteristics (%) of newly-diagnosed HIV-positive individuals included in the RITA study, and all cases notified to the National HIV Registry, 2013–2017
Characteristic | All HIV notifications (N = 2207) | Included in RITA study | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total (N = 701) | RHI (N = 133) | NRHI (N = 568) | P-value§ | ||
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Age at HIV diagnosis (years) | < 0.0005 | ||||
0–14 | 2 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
15–24 | 220 (10.0) | 96 (13.7) | 34 (25.6) | 62 (10.9) | |
25–34 | 535 (24.2) | 186 (26.5) | 40 (30.1) | 146 (25.7) | |
35–44 | 572 (25.9) | 157 (22.4) | 30 (22.6) | 127 (22.4) | |
45–54 | 492 (22.3) | 145 (20.7) | 21 (15.8) | 124 (21.8) | |
55–64 | 285 (12.9) | 87 (12.4) | 7 (5.3) | 80 (14.1) | |
≥ 65 | 101 (4.6) | 30 (4.3) | 1 (0.8) | 29 (5.1) | |
Gender | 0.840 | ||||
Male | 2061 (93.4) | 660 (94.2) | 126 (94.7) | 534 (94.0) | |
Female | 146 (6.6) | 41 (5.8) | 7 (5.3) | 34 (6.0) | |
Ethnic group | 0.695 | ||||
Chinese | 1538 (69.7) | 505 (72.0) | 97 (72.9) | 408 (71.8) | |
Malay | 426 (19.3) | 135 (19.3) | 22 (16.5) | 113 (19.9) | |
Indian | 141 (6.4) | 41 (5.8) | 10 (7.5) | 31 (5.5) | |
Others | 102 (4.6) | 20 (2.9) | 4 (3.0) | 16 (2.8) | |
Marital status | < 0.0005 | ||||
Never married | 1522 (69.0) | 510 (72.8) | 116 (87.2) | 394 (69.4) | |
Married | 472 (21.4) | 125 (17.8) | 15 (11.3) | 110 (19.4) | |
Separated/Divorced/Widowed | 213 (9.7) | 66 (9.4) | 2 (1.5) | 64 (11.3) | |
Educational level | 0.139 | ||||
No formal /Primary | 124 (5.6) | 36 (5.1) | 4 (3.0) | 32 (5.6) | |
Secondary | 185 (8.4) | 46 (6.6) | 12 (9.0) | 34 (6.0) | |
Post-secondary | 1617 (73.3) | 528 (75.3) | 93 (69.9) | 435 (76.6) | |
Tertiary | 273 (12.4) | 88 (12.6) | 23 (17.3) | 65 (11.4) | |
Unknown | 8 (0.4) | 3 (0.4) | 1 (0.8) | 2 (0.4) | |
Occupational type | 0.048 | ||||
Professional/executive | 436 (19.8) | 123 (17.5) | 25 (18.8) | 98 (17.3) | |
Administrative/service-oriented | 888 (40.2) | 316 (45.1) | 62 (46.6) | 254 (44.7) | |
Blue-collar worker | 275 (12.5) | 98 (14.0) | 13 (9.8) | 85 (15.0) | |
Unemployed | 80 (3.6) | 16 (2.3) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (2.8) | |
Others | 290 (13.1) | 101 (14.4) | 27 (20.3) | 74 (13.0) | |
Unknown | 238 (10.8) | 47 (6.7) | 6 (4.5) | 41 (7.2) | |
Year of HIV diagnosis | 0.009 | ||||
2013 | 454 (20.6) | 49 (7.0) | 4 (3.0) | 45 (7.9) | |
2014 | 456 (20.7) | 116 (16.5) | 13 (9.8) | 103 (18.1) | |
2015 | 455 (20.6) | 166 (23.7) | 40 (30.1) | 126 (22.2) | |
2016 | 408 (18.5) | 214 (30.5) | 39 (29.3) | 175 (30.8) | |
2017 | 434 (19.7) | 156 (22.3) | 37 (27.8) | 119 (21.0) | |
Reason for HIV testing | < 0.0005 | ||||
Medical care | 1046 (47.4) | 267 (38.1) | 27 (20.3) | 240 (42.3) | |
Voluntary testing | 432 (19.6) | 163 (23.3) | 45 (33.8) | 118 (20.8) | |
Routine programmatic screening† | 587 (26.6) | 223 (31.8) | 51 (38.3) | 172 (30.3) | |
Others | 142 (6.4) | 48 (6.8) | 10 (7.5) | 38 (6.7) | |
Mode of HIV transmission | 0.002 | ||||
Heterosexual | 881 (39.9) | 257 (36.7) | 31 (23.3) | 226 (39.8) | |
Homosexual/bisexual | 1241 (56.2) | 432 (61.6) | 101 (75.9) | 331 (58.3) | |
IDU | 13 (0.6) | 2 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.4) | |
Others | 9 (0.4) | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.2) | |
Unknown | 63 (2.9) | 9 (1.3) | 1 (0.8) | 8 (1.4) | |
Ever tested for HIV prior to positive diagnosis | < 0.0005 | ||||
Yes | 1084 (49.1) | 368 (52.5) | 92 (69.2) | 276 (48.6) | |
No | 837 (37.9) | 274 (39.1) | 31 (23.3) | 243 (42.8) | |
Unknown | 286 (13.0) | 59 (8.4) | 10 (7.5) | 49 (8.6) | |
Type of sexual partners | 0.056 | ||||
Regular only | 236 (10.7) | 61 (8.7) | 11 (8.3) | 50 (8.8) | |
Regular & casual only | 1347 (61.0) | 456 (65.0) | 99 (74.4) | 357 (62.9) | |
Sex workers & social escorts | 542 (24.6) | 170 (24.3) | 22 (16.5) | 148 (26.1) | |
Unknown | 82 (3.7) | 14 (2.0) | 1 (0.8) | 13 (2.3) | |