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Table 2 Participant demographics and selected independent variables

From: Psychological and physiological stress and burnout among maternity providers in a rural county in Kenya: individual and situational predictors

Analytic sample

Full Sample (N = 101)

Perceived stress (N = 87)

Burnout (N = 97)

HRV (N = 92)

Hair cortisol (N = 44)

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

No.

%

Demographic factors

 Gender

  Male

38

37.6

33

37.9

38

39.2

34

37.0

1

2.3

  Female

63

62.4

54

62.1

59

60.8

58

63.0

43

97.7

 Age

  23 to 29 years

32

31.7

26

29.9

32

33

30

32.6

14

31.8

  30 to 39

49

48.5

42

48.3

46

47.4

43

46.7

19

43.2

  40 to 52 years

20

19.8

19

21.8

19

19.6

19

20.7

11

25.0

 Marital status

  Married

75

74.3

64

73.6

72

74.2

67

72.8

35

79.5

  All Single

26

25.7

23

26.4

25

25.8

25

27.2

9

20.5

 Number of children a

  No children

22

22.0

18

20.9

21

21.9

22

24.2

7

16.3

  1 to 3

56

56.0

48

55.8

54

56.2

48

52.7

24

55.8

  4 to 7

22

22.0

20

23.3

21

21.9

21

23.1

12

27.9

Socioeconomic factors

 Education level

  Less than College

18

17.8

15

17.2

16

16.5

18

19.6

11

25.0

  College and above

83

82.2

72

82.8

81

83.5

74

80.4

33

75.0

 Monthly salary a

  Less than 10,000 KSh

20

20.2

16

18.8

18

18.9

20

22.2

10

23.3

  10,000 to less than 50,000 KSh

40

40.4

34

40.0

40

42.1

35

38.9

17

39.5

  50,000 KSh or more

39

39.4

35

41.2

37

38.9

35

38.9

16

37.2

 Perceived social status of family growing up

  Bottom half

85

84.2

74

85.1

83

85.6

80

87.0

36

81.8

  Upper half

16

15.8

13

14.9

14

14.4

12

13.0

8

18.2

 Perceived social status of self now

  Bottom half

57

56.4

48

55.2

55

56.7

54

58.7

26

59.1

  Upper half

44

43.6

39

44.8

42

43.3

38

41.3

18

40.9

 Perceived accomplishments in life a

  Less than you hoped

84

84.0

72

83.7

81

84.4

75

82.4

38

88.4

  Exactly what you hoped

13

13.0

11

12.8

13

13.5

13

14.3

4

9.3

  More than you hoped

3

3.0

3

3.5

2

2.1

3

3.3

1

2.3

Physical Health

 Self-rated health

  Fair/Poor

21

20.8

19

21.8

20

20.6

20

21.7

10

22.7

  Good/Very good/Excellent

80

79.2

68

78.2

77

79.4

72

78.3

34

77.3

Has chronic health condition

14

13.9

13

14.9

14

14.4

13

14.1

7

15.9

 Frequency of exercise a

 Never/less than once a week

60

60.0

53

61.6

57

59.4

53

58.2

30

69.8

  Once or more per week

40

40.0

33

38.4

39

40.6

38

41.8

13

30.2

Contextual factors

 Facility type

  Govt. Hospital

42

41.6

36

41.4

39

40.2

42

45.7

20

45.5

  Govt. Health Center/Dispensary

45

44.6

40

46.0

44

45.4

36

39.1

16

36.4

  Mission/Private Hospital

14

13.9

11

12.6

14

14.4

14

15.2

8

18.2

Position and experience

 Position

  Nurse/Midwife

62

61.4

54

62.1

61

62.9

54

58.7

28

63.6

  Clinical officer/Doctor

16

15.8

13

14.9

15

15.5

15

16.3

3

6.8

  Support staff

23

22.8

20

23.0

21

21.6

23

25.0

13

29.5

 Years as provider

  0 to 5 years

50

49.5

39

44.8

48

49.5

49

53.3

21

47.7

  6 to 10 years

38

37.6

37

42.5

37

38.1

31

33.7

20

45.5

  More than 10 years

13

12.9

11

12.6

12

12.4

12

13.0

3

6.8

Workload

 Workdays per week

  5 or fewer days

90

89.1

79

90.8

86

88.7

81

88.0

40

90.9

  More than 5 days

11

10.9

8

9.2

11

11.3

11

12.0

4

9.1

 Work hours per day

  8 or fewer hours

60

59.4

50

57.5

58

59.8

56

60.9

28

63.6

  More than 8 h

41

40.6

37

42.5

39

40.2

36

39.1

16

36.4

Availability of resources

 Perceived availability of work tools

  Half or less of the time

64

63.4

56

64.4

61

62.9

59

64.1

30

68.2

  More than half the time

37

36.6

31

35.6

36

37.1

33

35.9

14

31.8

Traumatic experiences

 Ever experienced maternal/neonatal death

42

41.6

36

41.4

40

41.2

39

42.4

17

38.6

 Maternal/neonatal death in last year

24

57.1

20

55.6

23

57.5

21

53.8

10

58.8

Stressful interpersonal interactions

 Experienced disrespect from superior in last year

34

34.3

29

34.1

33

34.7

31

34.4

17

40.5

 Experienced disrespect from colleague in last year

38

37.6

33

37.9

37

38.1

35

38.0

15

34.1

 Experienced disrespect from patient in last year

56

55.4

48

55.2

53

54.6

51

55.4

27

61.4

Effort reward imbalance

 Below median ERI score

39

39.4

31

36.0

37

38.9

36

40.0

19

45.2

 Above median ERI score

60

60.6

55

64.0

58

61.1

54

60.0

23

54.8

Overcommitment score: mean (SD)

100

16.7 (2.18)

86

16.8 (2.20)

96

16.7 (2.19)

91

16.7 (2.20)

43

16.7 (2.24)