Analytic sample | Full Sample (N = 101) | Perceived stress (N = 87) | Burnout (N = 97) | HRV (N = 92) | Hair cortisol (N = 44) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
Demographic factors | ||||||||||
 Gender | ||||||||||
  Male | 38 | 37.6 | 33 | 37.9 | 38 | 39.2 | 34 | 37.0 | 1 | 2.3 |
  Female | 63 | 62.4 | 54 | 62.1 | 59 | 60.8 | 58 | 63.0 | 43 | 97.7 |
 Age | ||||||||||
  23 to 29 years | 32 | 31.7 | 26 | 29.9 | 32 | 33 | 30 | 32.6 | 14 | 31.8 |
  30 to 39 | 49 | 48.5 | 42 | 48.3 | 46 | 47.4 | 43 | 46.7 | 19 | 43.2 |
  40 to 52 years | 20 | 19.8 | 19 | 21.8 | 19 | 19.6 | 19 | 20.7 | 11 | 25.0 |
 Marital status | ||||||||||
  Married | 75 | 74.3 | 64 | 73.6 | 72 | 74.2 | 67 | 72.8 | 35 | 79.5 |
  All Single | 26 | 25.7 | 23 | 26.4 | 25 | 25.8 | 25 | 27.2 | 9 | 20.5 |
 Number of children a | ||||||||||
  No children | 22 | 22.0 | 18 | 20.9 | 21 | 21.9 | 22 | 24.2 | 7 | 16.3 |
  1 to 3 | 56 | 56.0 | 48 | 55.8 | 54 | 56.2 | 48 | 52.7 | 24 | 55.8 |
  4 to 7 | 22 | 22.0 | 20 | 23.3 | 21 | 21.9 | 21 | 23.1 | 12 | 27.9 |
Socioeconomic factors | ||||||||||
 Education level | ||||||||||
  Less than College | 18 | 17.8 | 15 | 17.2 | 16 | 16.5 | 18 | 19.6 | 11 | 25.0 |
  College and above | 83 | 82.2 | 72 | 82.8 | 81 | 83.5 | 74 | 80.4 | 33 | 75.0 |
 Monthly salary a | ||||||||||
  Less than 10,000 KSh | 20 | 20.2 | 16 | 18.8 | 18 | 18.9 | 20 | 22.2 | 10 | 23.3 |
  10,000 to less than 50,000 KSh | 40 | 40.4 | 34 | 40.0 | 40 | 42.1 | 35 | 38.9 | 17 | 39.5 |
  50,000 KSh or more | 39 | 39.4 | 35 | 41.2 | 37 | 38.9 | 35 | 38.9 | 16 | 37.2 |
 Perceived social status of family growing up | ||||||||||
  Bottom half | 85 | 84.2 | 74 | 85.1 | 83 | 85.6 | 80 | 87.0 | 36 | 81.8 |
  Upper half | 16 | 15.8 | 13 | 14.9 | 14 | 14.4 | 12 | 13.0 | 8 | 18.2 |
 Perceived social status of self now | ||||||||||
  Bottom half | 57 | 56.4 | 48 | 55.2 | 55 | 56.7 | 54 | 58.7 | 26 | 59.1 |
  Upper half | 44 | 43.6 | 39 | 44.8 | 42 | 43.3 | 38 | 41.3 | 18 | 40.9 |
 Perceived accomplishments in life a | ||||||||||
  Less than you hoped | 84 | 84.0 | 72 | 83.7 | 81 | 84.4 | 75 | 82.4 | 38 | 88.4 |
  Exactly what you hoped | 13 | 13.0 | 11 | 12.8 | 13 | 13.5 | 13 | 14.3 | 4 | 9.3 |
  More than you hoped | 3 | 3.0 | 3 | 3.5 | 2 | 2.1 | 3 | 3.3 | 1 | 2.3 |
Physical Health | ||||||||||
 Self-rated health | ||||||||||
  Fair/Poor | 21 | 20.8 | 19 | 21.8 | 20 | 20.6 | 20 | 21.7 | 10 | 22.7 |
  Good/Very good/Excellent | 80 | 79.2 | 68 | 78.2 | 77 | 79.4 | 72 | 78.3 | 34 | 77.3 |
Has chronic health condition | 14 | 13.9 | 13 | 14.9 | 14 | 14.4 | 13 | 14.1 | 7 | 15.9 |
 Frequency of exercise a | ||||||||||
 Never/less than once a week | 60 | 60.0 | 53 | 61.6 | 57 | 59.4 | 53 | 58.2 | 30 | 69.8 |
  Once or more per week | 40 | 40.0 | 33 | 38.4 | 39 | 40.6 | 38 | 41.8 | 13 | 30.2 |
Contextual factors | ||||||||||
 Facility type | ||||||||||
  Govt. Hospital | 42 | 41.6 | 36 | 41.4 | 39 | 40.2 | 42 | 45.7 | 20 | 45.5 |
  Govt. Health Center/Dispensary | 45 | 44.6 | 40 | 46.0 | 44 | 45.4 | 36 | 39.1 | 16 | 36.4 |
  Mission/Private Hospital | 14 | 13.9 | 11 | 12.6 | 14 | 14.4 | 14 | 15.2 | 8 | 18.2 |
Position and experience | ||||||||||
 Position | ||||||||||
  Nurse/Midwife | 62 | 61.4 | 54 | 62.1 | 61 | 62.9 | 54 | 58.7 | 28 | 63.6 |
  Clinical officer/Doctor | 16 | 15.8 | 13 | 14.9 | 15 | 15.5 | 15 | 16.3 | 3 | 6.8 |
  Support staff | 23 | 22.8 | 20 | 23.0 | 21 | 21.6 | 23 | 25.0 | 13 | 29.5 |
 Years as provider | ||||||||||
  0 to 5 years | 50 | 49.5 | 39 | 44.8 | 48 | 49.5 | 49 | 53.3 | 21 | 47.7 |
  6 to 10 years | 38 | 37.6 | 37 | 42.5 | 37 | 38.1 | 31 | 33.7 | 20 | 45.5 |
  More than 10 years | 13 | 12.9 | 11 | 12.6 | 12 | 12.4 | 12 | 13.0 | 3 | 6.8 |
Workload | ||||||||||
 Workdays per week | ||||||||||
  5 or fewer days | 90 | 89.1 | 79 | 90.8 | 86 | 88.7 | 81 | 88.0 | 40 | 90.9 |
  More than 5 days | 11 | 10.9 | 8 | 9.2 | 11 | 11.3 | 11 | 12.0 | 4 | 9.1 |
 Work hours per day | ||||||||||
  8 or fewer hours | 60 | 59.4 | 50 | 57.5 | 58 | 59.8 | 56 | 60.9 | 28 | 63.6 |
  More than 8 h | 41 | 40.6 | 37 | 42.5 | 39 | 40.2 | 36 | 39.1 | 16 | 36.4 |
Availability of resources | ||||||||||
 Perceived availability of work tools | ||||||||||
  Half or less of the time | 64 | 63.4 | 56 | 64.4 | 61 | 62.9 | 59 | 64.1 | 30 | 68.2 |
  More than half the time | 37 | 36.6 | 31 | 35.6 | 36 | 37.1 | 33 | 35.9 | 14 | 31.8 |
Traumatic experiences | ||||||||||
 Ever experienced maternal/neonatal death | 42 | 41.6 | 36 | 41.4 | 40 | 41.2 | 39 | 42.4 | 17 | 38.6 |
 Maternal/neonatal death in last year | 24 | 57.1 | 20 | 55.6 | 23 | 57.5 | 21 | 53.8 | 10 | 58.8 |
Stressful interpersonal interactions | ||||||||||
 Experienced disrespect from superior in last year | 34 | 34.3 | 29 | 34.1 | 33 | 34.7 | 31 | 34.4 | 17 | 40.5 |
 Experienced disrespect from colleague in last year | 38 | 37.6 | 33 | 37.9 | 37 | 38.1 | 35 | 38.0 | 15 | 34.1 |
 Experienced disrespect from patient in last year | 56 | 55.4 | 48 | 55.2 | 53 | 54.6 | 51 | 55.4 | 27 | 61.4 |
Effort reward imbalance | ||||||||||
 Below median ERI score | 39 | 39.4 | 31 | 36.0 | 37 | 38.9 | 36 | 40.0 | 19 | 45.2 |
 Above median ERI score | 60 | 60.6 | 55 | 64.0 | 58 | 61.1 | 54 | 60.0 | 23 | 54.8 |
Overcommitment score: mean (SD) | 100 | 16.7 (2.18) | 86 | 16.8 (2.20) | 96 | 16.7 (2.19) | 91 | 16.7 (2.20) | 43 | 16.7 (2.24) |