Early public adherence with and support for stay-at-home COVID-19 mitigation strategies despite adverse life impact: a transnational cross-sectional survey study in the United States and Australia

Table 7 Prevalences of adverse mental health symptoms

Adverse mental health symptoms	Overall		US		NY		LA		AU
Adverse mental health symptoms	(N = 5573)		(N = 3010)		(N = 507)		(N = 525)		(N = 1531)
Anxiety Symptoms^a
Mean GAD-2 Score (SD)	1.59	1.810	1.60	1.847	1.64	1.799	1.61	1.745	1.57	1.759
No. with positive screens (%)	1303	(23.4)	712	(23.7)	129	(25.4)	124	(23.6)	338	(22.1)
Depression Symptoms^b
Mean PHQ-2 Score (SD)	1.39	1.750	1.33	1.749	1.43	1.651	1.49	1.780	1.49	1.780
No. with positive screens (%)	1172	(21.0)	617	(20.5)	115	(22.7)	105	(20.0)	335	(21.9)
Anxiety or Depression Symptoms
No. with positive screens (%)	1622	(29.1)	872	(29.0)	162	(32.0)	150	(28.6)	438	(28.6)
Insomnia Symptoms^c
Mean SCI-02 Score (SD)	5.32	2.559	5.32	2.562	5.49	2.446	5.34	2.590	5.24	2.573
No. with positive screens (%)	1029	(18.5)	549	(18.2)	77	(15.2)	97	(18.5)	306	(20.0)

Survey responses are reported using descriptive statistics as indicated, including number of respondents (No.), percentage of respondents (%), mean, and standard deviation (sd)
^aSymptoms of an anxiety disorder were assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 2-item (GAD-2) subscale of the Patient Health Questionnaire 4-item (PHQ-4). Respondents who scored ≥3 out of 6 on the GAD-2 were considered symptomatic
^bSymptoms of a depressive disorder were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire 2-item (PHQ-2) subscale of the PHQ-4. Respondents who scored ≥3 out of 6 on the PHQ-2 were considered symptomatic
^cSymptoms of insomnia were assessed using the Sleep Condition Indicator 2-item (SCI-02). Respondents who scored ≤2 out of 8 on the SCI-02 were considered symptomatic