Before matching (n = 2648) | After matching (n = 994) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Category | Permanent employee(n = 1373) | % | Non-permanent employee(n = 685) | % | Standardized difference | Permanent employee(n = 497) | % | Non-permanent employee(n = 497) | % | Standardized difference |
Age | Mean (SD) | 40.78(10.54) | 40.22(11.64) | 0.0501 | 39.04(10.96) | 39.64(11.47) | −0.0536 | ||||
Sex | Male | 820 | 59.7 | 202 | 29.5 | 0.6385 | 176 | 35.4 | 175 | 35.2 | 0.0042 |
Female | 553 | 40.3 | 483 | 70.5 | 321 | 64.6 | 322 | 64.8 | |||
Regiona | Low infection area | 904 | 65.8 | 433 | 63.2 | 0.0550 | 349 | 70.2 | 337 | 67.8 | 0.0522 |
High infection area | 469 | 34.2 | 252 | 36.8 | 148 | 29.8 | 160 | 35.2 | |||
Marital status | Single | 674 | 49.1 | 356 | 52.0 | 0.0577 | 294 | 59.2 | 277 | 55.7 | 0.0692 |
Married | 699 | 50.9 | 329 | 48.0 | 203 | 40.8 | 220 | 44.3 | |||
Child | No | 846 | 61.6 | 439 | 64.1 | 0.0512 | 346 | 69.6 | 330 | 66.4 | 0.0691 |
Yes | 527 | 38.4 | 246 | 35.9 | 151 | 30.4 | 167 | 33.6 | |||
Family members living together | 0 | 169 | 12.3 | 59 | 8.6 | 0.1673 | 59 | 11.9 | 51 | 10.3 | 0.0938 |
1 | 355 | 25.9 | 152 | 22.2 | 124 | 24.9 | 112 | 22.5 | |||
2 | 332 | 24.2 | 177 | 25.8 | 131 | 26.4 | 132 | 26.6 | |||
3 | 287 | 20.9 | 165 | 24.1 | 99 | 19.9 | 107 | 21.5 | |||
4 ≤ | 230 | 16.8 | 132 | 19.3 | 84 | 16.9 | 95 | 19.1 | |||
Comorbidities | 0 | 1250 | 91.0 | 606 | 88.5 | 0.0854 | 447 | 89.9 | 441 | 88.7 | 0.0399 |
1 | 110 | 8.0 | 70 | 10.2 | 45 | 9.1 | 50 | 10.1 | |||
2 ≤ | 13 | 0.9 | 9 | 1.3 | 5 | 1.0 | 6 | 1.2 | |||
Education | Jr high school | 13 | 0.9 | 35 | 5.1 | 0.6319 | 9 | 1.8 | 13 | 2.6 | 0.0957 |
High school | 309 | 22.5 | 246 | 35.9 | 157 | 31.6 | 168 | 33.8 | |||
Associate degree or Diploma | 293 | 21.3 | 219 | 32.0 | 159 | 32.0 | 151 | 30.4 | |||
Bachelor | 652 | 47.5 | 169 | 24.7 | 160 | 32.2 | 149 | 30.0 | |||
Master or Doctor | 106 | 7.7 | 16 | 2.3 | 12 | 2.4 | 16 | 3.2 | |||
Industryd | Primary sector | 10 | 0.7 | 4 | 0.6 | 0.3550 | 6 | 1.2 | 4 | 0.8 | 0.0727 |
Secondary sector | 422 | 30.7 | 112 | 16.4 | 107 | 21.5 | 97 | 19.5 | |||
Tertiary sector | 891 | 64.9 | 526 | 76.8 | 362 | 72.8 | 370 | 74.4 | |||
Industries unable to classify | 50 | 3.6 | 43 | 6.3 | 22 | 4.4 | 26 | 5.2 | |||
Company size (number of employees) | < 50 | 410 | 29.9 | 287 | 41.9 | 0.3959 | 214 | 43.1 | 210 | 42.3 | 0.0340 |
50 ~ 99 | 158 | 11.5 | 128 | 18.7 | 75 | 15.1 | 75 | 15.1 | |||
100 ~ 299 | 209 | 15.2 | 71 | 10.4 | 59 | 11.9 | 61 | 12.3 | |||
300 ~ 999 | 221 | 16.1 | 79 | 11.5 | 65 | 13.1 | 62 | 12.5 | |||
1000 ≤ | 375 | 27.3 | 120 | 17.5 | 84 | 16.9 | 89 | 17.9 | |||
Personal incomeb | Low | 623 | 45.4 | 653 | 95.3 | 1.3067 | 468 | 94.2 | 465 | 93.6 | 0.0466 |
Middle | 549 | 40.0 | 22 | 3.2 | 2 | 4.4 | 22 | 4.4 | |||
High | 201 | 14.6 | 10 | 1.5 | 7 | 1.4 | 10 | 2.0 | |||
Family incomeb | Low | 323 | 23.5 | 305 | 44.5 | 0.5459 | 237 | 47.7 | 227 | 35.7 | 0.0405 |
Middle | 562 | 40.9 | 270 | 39.4 | 174 | 35.0 | 180 | 36.2 | |||
High | 488 | 35.5 | 110 | 16.1 | 86 | 17.3 | 90 | 18.1 | |||
Average overtime per month | < 10 h | 715 | 52.1 | 581 | 84.8 | 0.7640 | 384 | 77.3 | 396 | 79.7 | 0.1014 |
10 ~ 44 h | 502 | 36.6 | 91 | 13.3 | 91 | 18.3 | 88 | 17.7 | |||
45 ~ 79 h | 127 | 9.2 | 10 | 1.5 | 17 | 3.4 | 10 | 2.0 | |||
80 h ≤ | 29 | 2.1 | 3 | 0.4 | 5 | 1.0 | 3 | 0.6 | |||
Union membership | No | 940 | 68.5 | 546 | 79.7 | 0.2588 | 384 | 77.3 | 390 | 78.5 | 0.0291 |
Yes | 433 | 31.5 | 139 | 20.3 | 113 | 22.7 | 107 | 21.5 | |||
Householder | No | 481 | 35.0 | 481 | 70.2 | 0.7530 | 289 | 58.1 | 315 | 63.4 | 0.1073 |
Yes | 892 | 65.0 | 204 | 29.8 | 208 | 41.9 | 182 | 36.6 | |||
Exercisec | No/custom | 799 | 58.2 | 470 | 86.8 | 0.2241 | 328 | 66.0 | 329 | 66.2 | 0.0475 |
Once every 2 weeks | 140 | 10.2 | 47 | 6.9 | 42 | 8.5 | 36 | 7.2 | |||
Once in a week | 197 | 14.3 | 70 | 10.2 | 54 | 10.9 | 56 | 11.3 | |||
Two times in a week | 237 | 17.3 | 98 | 14.3 | 73 | 14.7 | 76 | 15.3 | |||
Smoking | No | 909 | 66.2 | 520 | 75.9 | 0.2188 | 372 | 74.8 | 370 | 74.4 | 0.0142 |
Yes | 295 | 21.5 | 99 | 14.5 | 81 | 16.3 | 81 | 16.3 | |||
Past | 169 | 12.3 | 66 | 9.6 | 44 | 8.9 | 46 | 9.3 | |||
Drink | No | 588 | 42.8 | 362 | 52.8 | 0.2259 | 243 | 48.9 | 254 | 51.1 | 0.0443 |
Yes | 717 | 52.2 | 281 | 41.0 | 230 | 46.3 | 220 | 44.3 | |||
Past | 68 | 5.0 | 42 | 6.1 | 24 | 4.8 | 23 | 4.6 | |||
Commute time (one-way) | < 30 min | 686 | 50.0 | 433 | 63.2 | 0.3038 | 300 | 60.4 | 302 | 60.8 | 0.0419 |
30 ~ 59 min | 475 | 34.6 | 198 | 28.9 | 146 | 29.4 | 150 | 30.2 | |||
60 min ≤ | 212 | 15.4 | 54 | 7.9 | 51 | 10.3 | 45 | 9.1 | |||
Sleeping time | < 4.0 h | 35 | 2.5 | 15 | 2.2 | 0.1023 | 12 | 2.4 | 12 | 2.4 | 0.0504 |
4.0–5.9 h | 351 | 25.6 | 148 | 21.6 | 122 | 24.5 | 112 | 22.5 | |||
6.0 ~ 7.9 h | 843 | 61.4 | 440 | 64.2 | 305 | 61.4 | 316 | 63.6 | |||
8.0 h ≤ | 144 | 10.5 | 82 | 12.0 | 58 | 11.7 | 57 | 11.5 | |||
SOC score | Mean (SD) | 52.90(9.77) | 52.50(10.74) | 0.0384 | 52.11(10.20) | 51.99(10.32) | 0.0218 | ||||
Base-line CES-D score | Mean (SD) | 18.04(10.62) | 18.76(10.72) | −0.0675 | 19.19(10.94) | 18,95(10.81) | 0.0222 | ||||
Base-line utility | Mean (SD) | 0.8921(0.15723) | 0.8853(0.13672) | 0.0461 | 0.8867(0.15697) | 0.8854(0.13332) | 0.0092 |