Table 2 Descriptive statistics by immigrant groups

Demographic factors

age

46.6

40.4^***

41.7^***

31.1^***

34.6^***

43.8^***

(13.6)

(13.6)

(10.8)

(11.8)

(13.7)

male

0.469

0.519^***

0.512^***

0.573^***

0.482

0.541^***

(0.499)

(0.500)

(0.497)

(0.500)

(0.499)

married

0.571

0.615^***

0.655^***

0.308^***

0.673^***

0.582

(0.479)

(0.461)

(0.447)

(0.461)

(0.492)

German-speaking region

0.676

0.593^***

0.594^***

0.592^***

0.673

0.548^***

(0.487)

(0.488)

(0.477)

(0.458)

(0.500)

urban

0.687

0.824^***

0.823^***

0.826^***

0.825^***

0.823^***

(0.386)

(0.383)

(0.404)

(0.382)

(0.389)

Socio-economic factors

compulsory education

0.100

0.262^***

0.272^***

0.187^***

0.304^***

0.239^***

(0.470)

(0.474)

(0.430)

(0.484)

(0.449)

secondary education

0.726

0.475^***

0.444^***

0.709

0.503^***

0.459^***

(0.500)

(0.498)

(0.463)

(0.500)

(0.498)

tertiary education

0.174

0.263^***

0.283^***

0.104^***

0.193

0.302^***

(0.393)

(0.406)

(0.250)

(0.326)

(0.441)

household income

4607

4250^***

4276^***

4049^***

3355^***

4758^*

(2333)

(2385)

(1926)

(1788)

(2580)

intern

0.025

0.030

0.019^*

0.109^***

0.049^***

0.019^*

(0.198)

(0.159)

(0.353)

(0.231)

(0.154)

ordinary employee

0.140

0.221^***

0.207^***

0.327^***

0.297^***

0.178^***

(0.451)

(0.446)

(0.479)

(0.479)

(0.406)

employee with leadership

0.415

0.340^***

0.342^***

0.327^***

0.249^***

0.392^*

(0.443)

(0.444)

(0.435)

(0.367)

(0.486)

director/chief

0.097

0.095

0.101

0.044^***

0.031^***

0.131^***

(0.250)

(0.258)

(0.182)

(0.145)

(0.319)

self-employed

0.070

0.043^***

0.043^***

0.043^*

0.028^***

0.051^***

(0.189)

(0.192)

(0.170)

(0.162)

(0.214)

inactive

0.237

0.176^***

0.193^***

0.050^***

0.150^***

0.191^***

(0.347)

(0.360)

(0.203)

(0.304)

(0.383)

unemployed

0.016

0.095^***

0.094^***

0.100^***

0.196^***

0.038^***

(0.370)

(0.373)

(0.346)

(0.447)

(0.202)

Health insurance factors

deductible = 300

0.302

0.239^***

0.239^***

0.240^**

0.261^**

0.226^***

(0.423)

(0.424)

(0.416)

(0.423)

(0.423)

deductible = 500

0.130

0.127

0.128

0.120

0.112

0.136

(0.335)

(0.338)

(0.313)

(0.316)

(0.353)

deductible = 1000

0.056

0.049

0.049

0.049

0.034^***

0.058

(0.212)

(0.210)

(0.222)

(0.190)

(0.232)

deductible ≥1500

0.326

0.268^***

0.272^***

0.243^***

0.184^***

0.316

(0.414)

(0.416)

(0.397)

(0.354)

(0.457)

deductible = missing

0.186

0.316^***

0.312^***

0.348^***

0.409^***

0.264^***

(0.483)

(0.482)

(0.494)

(0.499)

(0.443)

Health status factor

ADL

0.219

0.208

0.214

0.163^**

0.239

0.191^**

(0.417)

(0.422)

(0.379)

(0.434)

(0.395)

Number of observations

14545

5446

4771

675

2806

2640