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Table 7 Percentage of participants who intentionally did not adhere to all SD rules and those that did not intentionally break SD rules by categorical explanatory variable

From: Factors associated with non-adherence to social distancing rules during the COVID-19 pandemic: a logistic regression analysis

Explanatory Variables

Intentional

Adherence (n)

Intentional

Adherence (%)

Intentional

Non-Adherence (n)

Intentional

Non- Adherence (%)

Sample

350

51.4%

331

48.6%

Demographic Factors

 Gender

  Female

292

51.8%

272

48.2%

  Male

55

49.5%

56

50.5%

  Other

3

50%

3

50%

 Ethnicity

  White

302

51.8%

281

48.2%

  BAME

48

49%

50

51%

 Language

  English as First Language

307

52.7%

275

47.3%

  English Not as First Language

43

43.4%

56

56.6%

 Religion

  No Religion

210

50%

210

50%

  Christian

79

51.3%

75

48.7%

  Buddhist

5

55.6%

4

44.4%

  Hindu

2

66.7%

1

33.3%

  Jewish

27

50.9%

26

49.1%

  Muslim

7

50%

7

50%

  Sikh

2

100%

0

0%

  Other

18

69.2%

8

30.8%

 Highest Qualification Obtained

  Doctoral Degree

14

35.9%

25

64.1%

  Masters Degree

105

53%

93

47%

  Professional Qualification

46

56.8%

35

43.2%

  Bachelors Degree

117

49.6%

119

50.4%

  Vocational / Work-related Qualification

26

65%

14

35%

  A Levels or equivalent

23

52.3%

21

47.7%

  GCSEs or equivalent

11

36.7%

19

63.3%

  No Qualifications

8

61.5%

5

38.5%

 Employment Statusa

  Long-term sick or disabled

19

67.9%

9

32.1%

  Retired

30

53.6%

26

46.4%

  Working as an employee from home

146

54.5%

122

45.5%

  Self-employed or freelance from home

36

54.5%

30

45.4%

  Looking after home or family

12

41.4%

17

58.6%

  Unemployed

17

47.2%

19

52.8%

  A furloughed employee

26

40.6%

38

59.4%

  A student

6

30%

14

70%

  Working as an employee in my normal place of work (not home)

37

55.2%

30

44.8%

  Self-employed or freelance in my normal place of work (not home)

3

18.8%

13

81.3%

  Other

18

58.1%

13

41.9%

 Key Worker Status

  Not Key Worker

276

52.3%

252

47.7%

  Key Worker

74

48.4%

79

51.6%

Housing Factors

 Housing Situationa

  Live in Own Home

181

51.9%

168

48.1%

  Live in Rented Home

138

55.2%

112

44.8%

  Live in Rented Room of Multiple Occupancy House

31

37.8%

51

62.2%

 Living with Vulnerable Person

  Living with Person of Vulnerable Health Status

62

59.6%

42

40.4%

  Not Living with Person of Vulnerable Health Status

288

49.9%

289

50.1%

Health Factors

 Healtha

  Vulnerable

64

62.7%

338

37.3%

  Not Vulnerable

286

49.4%

293

50.6%

 COVID-19 Symptoms

  Not Had

247

52.3%

225

47.7%

  Had

103

49.3%

106

50.7%

Political Factors

 2019 General Election

  Voted for Government

26

42.6%

35

57.4%

  Did Not Vote for Government

324

52.3%

296

47.7%

 Lockdown Phase

  Total Lockdown

137

52.9%

122

47.1%

  Overlap of Total and First Relaxation

133

52.2%

122

47.8%

  First Relaxation

80

47.9%

87

52.1%

Social Factors

 Financial Support

  Getting Financial Support if Needed

287

52.7%

258

47.3%

  Not Getting Financial Support If Needed

63

46.3%

73

53.7%

 Community Support

  Getting Community Support if Needed

308

51.4%

291

48.6%

  Not Getting Community Support If Needed

42

51.2%

40

48.8%

  1. aStatistically significant association