From: Persistent disparities in smoking among rural Appalachians: evidence from the Mountain Air Project
 | Overall | Smoking Status | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Never | Former | Current | P | ||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | ||
Current Asthma | |||||||||
 No | 862 | 88.7 | 375 | 43.7 | 206 | 24.0 | 278 | 32.4 | .47 |
 Yes | 110 | 11.3 | 44 | 40.0 | 24 | 21.8 | 42 | 38.2 |  |
Emphysema diagnosis: | |||||||||
 No | 897 | 92.3 | 403 | 45.1 | 211 | 23.6 | 280 | 31.3 | <.01 |
 Yes | 75 | 7.7 | 16 | 21.3 | 19 | 25.3 | 40 | 53.3 |  |
COPD diagnosis: | |||||||||
 No | 767 | 78.9 | 372 | 48.7 | 178 | 23.3 | 215 | 28.1 | <.01 |
 Yes | 205 | 21.1 | 47 | 23.0 | 52 | 25.5 | 105 | 51.5 |  |
Chronic bronchitis diagnosis: | |||||||||
 No | 814 | 83.7 | 375 | 46.2 | 187 | 23.0 | 250 | 30.8 | <.01 |
 Yes | 158 | 16.3 | 44 | 28.0 | 43 | 27.4 | 70 | 44.6 |  |
Black lung disease diagnosis: (n = 970) | |||||||||
 No | 872 | 89.9 | 378 | 43.5 | 197 | 22.7 | 295 | 33.9 | .056 |
 Yes | 98 | 10.1 | 40 | 41.2 | 32 | 33.0 | 25 | 25.8 |  |