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Table 4 Bivariate associations with lifetime and past year violence

From: Experience of and factors associated with violence against sexual and gender minorities in nine African countries: a cross-sectional study

 

Lifetime experience of violence*

Past year experience of violence*

Variablea

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

OR

(95% CI)

p-value

Coerced into marriage

2.93

(2.42–3.55)

< 0.01

2.68

(2.25–3.18)

< 0.01

People living nearby know SOGI

2.17

(1.84–2.55)

< 0.01

1.39

(1.18–1.64)

< 0.01

People living within same household know SOGI

1.77

(1.54–2.05)

< 0.01

1.24

(1.06–1.44)

< 0.01

Being a gender minority

1.72

(1.47–2.02)

< 0.01

1.76

(1.49–2.07)

< 0.01

Living with HIV

1.70

(1.44–2.02)

< 0.01

1.89

(1.59–2.24)

< 0.01

Living in informal housing

0.59

(0.44–0.78)

< 0.01

0.52

(0.40–0.69)

< 0.01

Survey taken online

1.12

(0.96–1.32)

0.16

0.62

(0.51–0.74)

< 0.01

  1. OR Odd’s Ratio, CI Confidence Interval, SOGI sexual orientation and/or gender identity
  2. *only reporting associations significant at p < 0.05
  3. aN varies due to missing data; variable N for lifetime experience of violence: Coerced into marriage (N = 3555), People living nearby know SOGI (3590), People living within same household know SOGI (N = 3590), Being a gender minority (N = 3517), Living with HIV (N = 3464), Living in informal housing (N = 3585); variable N for past year experience of violence: Coerced into marriage (N = 3538), Living with HIV (N = 3450), Being a gender minority (N = 3498), People living nearby know SOGI (N = 3571), People living within same household know SOGI (N = 3571), Survey taken online (N = 3583), Living in informal housing (N = 3567)