Table 1 Characteristics of breast cancer survivors included in this study
From: Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among breast cancer survivors in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia
Characteristics | Total (n = 95) | MetS (n = 48) | Non-MetS (N = 47) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sociodemographic profiles | ||||
Age a | 53.7 (7.6) | 55.1 (7.9) | 52.4 (7.2) | 0.082 |
Ethnic | ||||
 Malay | 88 (92.6) | 45 (93.8) | 43 (91.5) | 0.714 |
 Chinese | 7 (7.4) | 3 (6.3) | 4 (8.5) |  |
Marital status | ||||
 Single | 3 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 3 (6.4) | 0.262 |
 Married | 74 (77.9) | 37 (77.1) | 37 (78.7) |  |
 Divorced | 2 (2.1) | 1 (2.1) | 1 (2.1) |  |
 Others | 16 (16.8) | 10 (20.8) | 6 (12.8) |  |
Education | ||||
 Primary | 6 (6.3) | 2 (4.2) | 4 (8.5) | 0.214 |
 Secondary | 61 (64.2) | 34 (70.8) | 27 (57.4) |  |
 Tertiary | 28 (29.5) | 12 (25.0) | 16 (34.0) |  |
Occupation | ||||
 Professional | 22 (23.2) | 8 (16.7) | 14 (29.8) | 0.106 |
 Support staff | 10 (10.5) | 6 (12.5) | 4 (8.5) |  |
 Self-employed | 17 (17.9) | 13 (27.1) | 4 (8.5) |  |
 Housewife | 33 (34.7) | 14 (29.2) | 19 (40.4) |  |
 Pensioner | 13 (13.7) | 7 (14.6) | 6 (12.8) |  |
Household income b | ||||
  < MYR 1000 | 35 (36.8) | 20 (41.7) | 15 (31.9) | 0.450 |
 MYR 1000–3000 | 31 (32.6) | 16 (33.3) | 15 (31.9) |  |
  > MYR 3000 | 29 (30.5) | 12 (25.0) | 17 (36.2) |  |
Menopausal status | ||||
 Premenopausal | 12 (12.6) | 5 (10.4) | 7 (14.9) | 0.511 |
 Postmenopausal | 83 (87.4) | 43 (89.6) | 40 (85.1) |  |
Breastfeeding | ||||
 Yes | 84 (88.4) | 44 (91.7) | 40 (85.1) | 0.318 |
 No | 11 (11.6) | 4 (8.3) | 7 (14.9) |  |
Oral contraceptive pills | ||||
 Yes | 43 (45.3) | 19 (39.6) | 24 (51.1) | 0.261 |
 No | 52 (54.7) | 29 (60.4) | 23 (48.9) |  |
Hormone replacement therapy | ||||
 Yes | 16 (16.8) | 6 (12.5) | 10 (21.3) | 0.253 |
 No | 79 (83.2) | 42 (87.5) | 37 (78.7) |  |
Family history of breast cancer | ||||
 Yes | 26 (27.4) | 14 (29.2) | 12 (25.5) | 0.691 |
 No | 69 (72.6) | 34 (70.8) | 35 (74.5) |  |
Clinical and metabolic profiles | ||||
Cancer stages | ||||
 I | 15 (15.8) | 7 (14.6) | 8 (17.0) | 0.019* |
 II | 55 (57.9) | 34 (70.8) | 21 (44.7) |  |
 III | 25 (26.3) | 7 (14.6) | 18 (38.3) |  |
Cancer duration (years) a | 6.65 (4.19) | 7.23 (5.22) | 6.06 (2.71) | 0.177 |
Treatments | ||||
 Surgery c | 94 (98.9) | 48 (100) | 46 (97.9) | 0.495 |
 Chemotherapy | 95 (100) | 48 (100) | 47 (100) | – |
 Radiotherapy | 86 (90.5) | 41 (85.4) | 45 (95.7) | 0.086 |
Comorbidities e | ||||
 Diabetes | 17 (17.9) | 13 (27.1) | 4 (8.5) | 0.018* |
 Hypertension | 21 (22.1) | 15 (31.3) | 6 (12.8) | 0.030* |
 Heart disease c | 2 (2.1) | 1 (2.1) | 1 (2.1) | 1.000 |
Metabolic profiles d | ||||
 Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 6.1 (1.6) | 6.0 (1.4) | 6.2 (1.6) | 0.250 |
 LDL-c (mmol/L) | 3.8 (1.5) | 3.7 (1.3) | 4.0 (1.6) | 0.195 |
 HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.3 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.5) | < 0.001* |
 TG (mmol/L) | 1.5 (0.8) | 1.8 (0.9) | 1.3 (0.6) | < 0.001* |
 FBG (mmol/L) | 5.7 (1.9) | 6.5 (3.0) | 5.0 (0.9) | < 0.001* |
 Systolic BP (mmHg) | 128 (19) | 134 (25) | 124 (12) | 0.006* |
 Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 79 (13) | 80 (13) | 78 (11) | 0.020* |
Anthropometric profiles | ||||
Weight (kg) a | 66.0 (12.4) | 68.7 (10.0) | 63.3 (14.0) | 0.032* |
Height (cm) a | 153.9 (6.0) | 154.1 (5.1) | 153.6 (6.9) | 0.711 |
Waist circumference (cm) a | 88.8 (11.7) | 92.2 (9.9) | 85.3 (12.4) | 0.003* |
Body fat percentage (%) e | 39.0 (6.9) | 40.5 (7.7) | 38.2 (8.0) | 0.020* |
BMI (kg/m2) a | 27.9 (4.9) | 29.0 (4.3) | 26.7 (5.2) | 0.023* |
BMI classification (kg/m2) c | ||||
 Underweight | 3 (3.2) | 0 (0) | 3 (6.4) | 0.138 |
 Normal | 20 (21.1) | 8 (16.7) | 12 (25.5) |  |
 Overweight | 43 (45.3) | 22 (45.8) | 21 (44.7) |  |
 Obese | 29 (30.5) | 18 (37.5) | 11 (23.4) |  |