Prevalence of depression symptoms and associated sociodemographic and clinical correlates among Syrian refugees in Lebanon

Table 3 Sociodemographic and clinical correlates of depression symptoms at the bivariate level (n = 1521)

	N	%	p-value	Odds ratio	Lower L	Upper L	ROC area (95%CI)
Age
18–25 (ref)	89	39.0%		Ref
26–35	197	46.9%		1.380	.994	1.915
36–45	190	43.5%		1.201	.867	1.665
> 45	230	52.8%	.004	1.744	1.259	2.415	.55 (.52–.58)
Gender
Male	169	40.6%		ref
Female	537	48.6%	.006	1.382	1.100	1.736	.53 (.50–.56)
Marital Status
Married	556	44.9%		ref
Single	85	47.5%		1.108	.809	1.516
Widowed	41	56.9%		1.620	1.003	2.617
Divorced/separated	24	68.6%	<.001	3.266	1.506	7.084	.53 (.50–.56)
Period of Stay (continuous)			.947	1.002	.954	1.051	.50 (.47–.53)
Location
Beirut	128	43.0%		ref
North	187	46.3%		1.145	.847	1.547
South	94	46.3%		1.145	.800	1.640
Bekaa	297	48.2%	.524	1.237	.936	1.634	.52 (.49–.55)
Current Occupation
Employed	161	44.6%		ref
Not Employed	542	47.0%	.431	.909	.717	1.153	.51 (.48–.54)
Tobacco Use
Never User	455	46.6%		ref
Current	234	46.9%	.906	1.013	.816	1.257	.50 (.47–.53)
Alcohol Use
No	675	47.3%		ref
Yes	3	42.9%	.814	.836	.186	3.747	.50 (.47–.53)
Psychiatry Medication Use
No	692	46.1%		ref
Yes	14	70.0%	.033	2.728	1.043	7.137	.51 (.48–.54)
Medical Conditions
Diabetes No	648	45.9%
Diabetes Yes	58	53.7%	.115	1.369	.925	2.028	.51 (.48–.54)
Hypertensive No	604	45.4%
Hypertensive Yes	102	53.1%	.046	1.360	1.004	1.842	.52 (.49–.55)
Cardiovascular Disease No	656	45.9%
Cardiovascular Disease Yes	50	53.8%	.143	1.368	.898	2.084	.51 (.48–.54)
Nervous Disorder No	643	45.4%
Nervous Disorder Yes	63	59.4%	.005	1.759	1.177	2.628	.52 (.49–.55)
Mental Health No	681	45.8%
Mental Health Yes	25	75.8%	<.001	3.703	1.660	8.263	.51 (.48–.54)

Note: the dependent variable is the dichotomized PHQ-9 (mild and lower VS moderate to severe)

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