Dental caries experience and associated factors in adults: a cross-sectional community survey within Ethiopia

Bogale, Birke; Engida, Fasikawit; Hanlon, Charlotte; Prince, Martin J.; Gallagher, Jennifer E.

doi:10.1186/s12889-021-10199-9

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Bivariate analysis of dental caries experience and consequences of untreated dental caries (D₄MFT ≥ 1)^a with relevant health behavioural factors of adults in Butajira HDSS, south-central Ethiopia

From: Dental caries experience and associated factors in adults: a cross-sectional community survey within Ethiopia

Factors		Total		DT ≥ 1			MT ≥ 1			DMFT ≥ 1			Pain/Discomfort			PUFA ≥ 1
Factors		n	%	n	%	p-value	n	%	p-value	n	%	p-value	n	%	p-value	n	%	p-value
Utilisation of dental care services	Never	463	74.0	212	45.8	0.001	100	21.6	0.001	237	51.2	0.001	66	14.3	0.012	26	5.6	0.010
Utilisation of dental care services	Ever	163	26.0	120	73.6		88	54.0		140	85.9		37	22.7		19	11.7
Frequency of tooth cleaning	Never/ Rarely	65	10.4	48	73.9	0.001	27	41.5	0.007	51	78.5	0.001	9	13.9	0.001	2	3.1	0.001
	Less than once a day	305	48.7	156	51.2		79	25.9		178	58.4		50	16.4		15	4.9
	Once a day	135	21.6	53	39.3		35	25.9		65	48.2		15	11.1		8	5.9
	Twice or more per day	121	19.3	75	62.0		47	38.8		83	68.6		83	68.6		20	16.5
Tooth cleaning material	Mefakiya ^b / Chewstick	281	44.9	150	53.4	0.001	87	31.0	0.004	169	60.1	0.001	53	18.9	0.288	20	7.1	0.006
	Wooden toothpicks	142	22.7	75	52.8		45	31.7		89	62.7		22	15.5		7	4.9
	Toothbrush	114	18.2	44	38.6		19	16.7		52	45.6		13	11.4		10	3.1
	Other	24	3.8	15	62.5		10	41.7		16	66.7		6	25.0		6	7.1
	Do not clean	65	10.4	48	73.9		27	41.5		51	78.5		9	13.8		2	4.9
Use of toothpaste	Yes	118	18.9	42	35.6	0.001	17	14.4	0.001	50	42.4	0.001	14	11.9	0.260	8	8.8	0.374
	No	443	70.8	242	54.6		144	32.5		276	62.3		80	18.1		35	25.0
	Do not clean	65	10.4	48	73.9		27	41.5		51	78.5		9	13.8		2	3.1
Frequency of Khat chewing	Never Chew	370	59.1	164	44.3	0.001	90	24.3	0.003	193	52.2	0.001	54	14.6	0.484	23	6.2	0.519
	Less than a week	72	11.5	43	59.7		26	36.1		48	66.7		13	18.1		8	11.1
	More than once a week	101	16.1	64	63.4		40	39.6		70	69.3		19	18.8		8	7.9
	Every day or nearly every day	83	13.3	61	73.5		32	38.6		66	79.5		17	20.5		6	7.2
Level of sugar consumption risk	Higher^c	67	10.7	31	46.3	0.004	13	19.4	0.017	35	52.2	0.001	9	2.0	0.733	4	0.1	0.438
	Moderate^d	223	35.6	102	45.7		59	26.5		115	51.6		36	0.4		20	20.0
	Lower^e	336	53.7	199	59.2		116	34.5		227	67.6		58	68.2		21	24.7
Toothache or discomfort (in past 12 months)	Often	44	7.0	37	84.1	0.001	24	54.6	0.001	38	86.4	0.001	22	0.5	0.001	12	27.3	0.001
	Occasionally	133	21.3	104	78.2		58	43.6		113	85.0		50	37.6		14	10.5
	Rarely	97	15.5	66	68.0		35	36.1		75	77.3		14	14.4		4	4.1
	Never	352	56.2	125	35.5		71	20.2		151	42.9		16	4.6		14	4.1

^aDT: ICDAS 4 and above, ^bMefakiya: an Amharic name for chew-stick, ^cMore than once a week, ^dBetween once a month and once a week, ^eRarely or never

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ISSN: 1471-2458

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