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Table 6 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics; and means and effect sizes in the self-management and usual care (control) groups (copied from [45])

From: Evidence, theory and context: using intervention mapping in the development of a community-based self-management program for chronic low back pain in a rural African primary care setting - the good back program

Variables

BASELINE DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE TWO STUDY ARMS

 

Good Back programme n = 13

Usual care (control) n = 9

Gender: frequency (%)

 Female

10 (76.9)

6 (66.7)

 Male

3 (23.1)

3 (33.3)

Age (years): mean (SD)

53.9 (14.1)

60.3 (13.6)

Education (years): mean (SD)

5.3 (5.4)

4.4 (4.7)

Marital status: frequency (%)

 Married

7 (53.8)

5 (55.6)

 Widowed

5 (38.5)

4 (44.4)

 Single

1 (7.7)

0 (0)

Occupation: frequency (%)

 Self-employed/trading/farming

8 (61.5)

6 (66.7)

 Unemployed (health reasons)

3 (23.1)

2 (22.2)

 Student

1 (7.7)

0 (0)

 Retired

1 (7.7)

1 (11.1)

Religion: frequency (%)

 Catholic

7 (53.8)

6 (66.7)

 Anglican

3 (23.1)

0 (0)

 Methodist

2 (15.4)

0 (0)

 Pentecostal

1 (7.7)

3 (33.3)

Co-morbidity: frequency (%)

 None

5 (38.5)

1 (11.1)

 HBP

5 (38.5)

6 (66.7)

 Diabetes

1 (7.7)

0 (0)

 Headache+toothache

1 (7.7)

1 (11.1)

 Eye problems

1 (7.7)

1 (11.1)

LBP duration (years): mean (SD)

6.8 (4.1)

9.3 (15.4)

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg): mean (SD)

130.5 (23.5)

130.0 (32.2)

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg): mean (SD)

80.7 (9.5)

75.0 (10.5)

Pain tablets in the last 2 weeks: mean (SD)

17.3 (14.0)

28.2 (34.2)

RMDQ: mean (SD)

17.0 (5.8)

17.8 (4.6)

Pain intensity (Igbo-11-BS): mean (SD)

6.8 (1.7)

5.3 (1.6)

BIPQ: mean (SD)

34.9 (10.7)

41.1 (9.7)

FABQ: mean (SD)

64.0 (21.9)

65.3 (15.8)

BPS: mean (SD)

3.2 (2.1)

4.6 (2.7)

 

POST-INTERVENTION MEANS AND EFFECT SIZES IN THE TWO STUDY ARMS

  
 

Post-test mean values (SD)

Within-group/Pre- and post-test mean differences

(SD)

95% Confidence intervals of within-group mean differences

Between-group mean differences

95% Confidence intervals of between-group differences

Between-group effect sizes

Hedges’ g (Glass’s Δ)

Good back programme

n = 12

Usual care (waiting list)

n = 8

Good back programme

n = 12

Usual care (waiting list)

n = 8

Good back programme

n = 12

Usual care (waiting list)

n = 8

   

RMDQ

7.0 (4.2)

19.6 (5.6)

−9.8 (4.8)

1.5 (3.9)

−12.8, −6.7

−1.8, 4.8

−12.6

− 17.2, −8.0

−2.5 (−2.2)

BPS

2.1 (1.6)

4.6 (2.7)

−0.8 (1.3)

0.3 (2.8)

−1.6, − 0.03

−2.1, 2.6

−2.5

−4.5, − 0.5

−1.2 (− 1.0)

BIPQ

13.5 (9.5)

45.6 (15.1)

− 21.6 (15.2)

3.8 (7.5)

−31.3, −11.9

−2.5, 10.0

−32.1

−43.6, − 20.6

−2.6 (− 2.1)

FABQ

20.3 (15.9)

73.5 (28.5)

− 41.7 (27.6)

7.8 (35.8)

− 59.2, − 24.1

−22.2, 37.7

−53.2

−74.0, − 32.4

−2.3 (− 1.9)

11-BS

2.8 (1.3)

7.0 (2.5)

−3.8 (2.1)

1.5 (3.1)

−5.2, −2.5

−1.1, 4.1

−4.2

−5.9, − 2.4

−2.2 (− 1.7)

Number of Pain tablets

3.2 (5.0)

28.5 (37.8)

− 14.6 (12.1)

−2.8 (20.3)

− 22.3, − 6.9

−19.7, 14.2

−25.3

−48.3, − 2.4

−1.0 (− 0.7)

SBP (mmHg)

118.3 (11.6)

131.3 (30.0)

−12.5 (23.7)

2.0 (35.6)

−29.5, 4.5

−42.2, 46.2

− 13.0

−32.9, 6.9

−0.6 (− 0.4)

DBP (mmHg)

70.8 (13.3)

75.6 (15.0)

−5.8 (14.4)

0.0 (10.0)

−16.1, 4.5

−12.4, 12.4

−4.8

− 18.2, 8.6

−0.3 (− 0.3)

  1. SD standard deviation