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Table 2 Socio-demographic characteristics of the study participants (N = 2261)

From: Prevalence and factors associated with double and triple burden of malnutrition among mothers and children in Nepal: evidence from 2016 Nepal demographic and health survey

Variables

Mean + SD

Mother’s age (years)

26.36 + 5.64

Child’s age (months)

29.01 + 17.37

Mother’s age at 1st birth (year)

19.83 + 3.34

Maternal factors

characteristics

n(%)a

Age groups (years)

15–24

951 (41.14)

25–34

1104 (49.22)

> 35

206 (9.64)

Age at 1st birth (years)

< 19

1190 (52.77)

20–29

1039 (45.73)

> 30

32 (1.50)

Province

Province 1

305 (16.27)

Province 2

467 (25.89)

Province 3

227 (15.61)

Province 4

232 (8.01)

Province 5

382 (18.93)

Province 6

341 (6.57)

Province 7

307 (8.71)

Education

No education

744 (33.68)

Primary

423 (19.53)

Secondary

744 (32.36)

higher

350 (14.42)

Occupation

Agriculture

1120 (46.69)

No job

855 (40.35)

Services

286 (12.95)

Wealth status

Poor

1052 (42.04)

Middle

476 (22.02)

Rich

733 (35.94)

Height

Normal height

2046 (90)

Short stature

215 (10)

Delivery by CS

No

2071 (90.20)

Yes

190 (9.80)

Father’s occupation

Agriculture

422 (19.32)

No job

952 (41.9)

Services

869 (38.78)

Father’s education

No education

310 (15.12)

Primary

509 (22.79)

Secondary

1000 (43.86)

higher

422 (18.24)

Child factors

Child’s age (months)

< 12 months

514 (22.53)

13–23 months

435 (19.18)

24–35 months

427 (18.45)

36–47 months

452 (20.11)

48–59 months

433 (19.73)

Child’s sex

Male

1193 (52.71)

Female

1068 (47.29)

Vitamin A

Yes

1688 (74.52)

No

573 (25.48)

Deworming

Yes

1399 (59.82)

No

862 (40.18)

Currently breastfeeding

Yes

1824 (78.80)

No

437 (21.20)

Birth weight

Average

1510 (67.72)

Large

350 (15.72)

Small

396 (16.61)

OM/SC (n = 1027)

Not stunted

949 (91.70)

Stunted

78 (8.30)

OM/UC(n = 1138)

Not underweight

1100 (96.63)

Underweight

38 (3.37)

OM/WC(n = 1350)

Not wasted

1335 (98.75)

Wasted

15 (1.25)

OM/AC(n = 751)

Not anemic

625 (81.11)

Anemic

126 (18.89)

DBM(n = 1529)

Normal

1437 (93.4)

OWOBM/UC

92 (6.60)

TBM(n = 1381)

Normal

1293 (93)

OWOBM/UC/AC

88 (7.00)

  1. a Frequency are unweighted; percentage are weighted
  2. OM/SC Overweight/obese mother and stunted child
  3. OM/WC Overweight/obese mother and wasted child
  4. OM/UC Overweight/obese mother and underweight child
  5. OM/AC Overweight/obese mother and anemic child
  6. DBM Double burden of malnutrition (Overweight/obese mother and undernourished child (stunted or wasted or underweight) at the same household
  7. TBM Triple burden of malnutrition (Overweight/obese mother and undernourished and anemic child) at the same household
  8. CS Caesarean section