Table 5 Baseline characteristics compared between LAZ categories, ENSIN 2010
Overall (n = 5030) | LAZ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stunting <−2 SD (n = 645) | Normal ≥ − 2 SD (n = 4385) | OR /Difference | 95% CI | p value | ||
Sociodemographic characteristics (n, %) | ||||||
Type of place of residence | ||||||
Rural | 1841 (36.6) | 311 (48.2) | 1530 (34.9) | 1.74 | 1.47, 2.05 | < 0.001** |
Urban | 3189 (63.4) | 334 (51.8) | 2855 (65.1) | |||
Wealth index | ||||||
Poorer and poorest | 3167 (63) | 502 (77.8) | 2665 (60.8) | 1.96 | 1.53, 2.49 | < 0.001** |
Middle | 945 (18.8) | 83 (12.9) | 862 (19.7) | 1 | ||
Richer and richest | 918 (18.3) | 60 (9.3) | 858 (19.6) | 0.73 | 0.51, 1.02 | 0.07 |
Maternal characteristics | ||||||
Age (y) (mean, SD) | 26.6, ±6.3 | 26.9 (±6.6) | 26.5 (±6.3) | −0.39 | −0.92, 0.13 | 0.25 |
Maternal education (y) (mean, SD) | 8.4, ±3.9 | 6.5 (±3.9) | 8.6 (±3.9) | 2.1 | 1.78, 2.43 | < 0.001** |
Ethnicity (n, %) | ||||||
Mestizo | 3624 (72) | 366 (56.7) | 3258 (74.3) | 2.2 | 1.85, 2.61 | < 0.001** |
Minorities | 1406 (28) | 279 (43.3) | 1127 (25.7) | |||
Currently working (n, %) | ||||||
Yes | 2047 (40.7) | 293 (45.4) | 1754 (40) | 1.24 | 1.06, 1.47 | 0.009* |
No | 2983 (59.3) | 352 (54.6) | 2631 (60) | |||
Mother lives with the partner (n, %) | ||||||
Yes | 3816 (75.9) | 499 (77.4) | 3317 (75.6) | 1.1 | 0.90, 1.34 | 0.34 |
No | 1214 (24.1) | 146 (22.6) | 1068 (24.4) | |||
Pregnancy conditions | ||||||
Alcohol at pregnancy (n, %)(n = 4942) | n = 625 | n = 4317 | ||||
Yes | 451 (9) | 46 (7.4) | 405 (9.4) | 0.76 | 0.56, 1.05 | 0.1 |
No | 4491 (89.3) | 579 (92.6) | 3912 (90.6) | |||
Smoked at pregnancy (n, %)(n = 4942) | n = 625 | n = 4317 | ||||
Yes | 105 (2.1) | 13 (2.1) | 92 (2.1) | 0.97 | 0.54, 1.75 | 0.93 |
No | 4837 (96.2) | 612 (97.9) | 4225 (97.9) | |||
Caesarean section delivery (n, %) | ||||||
Yes | 1579 (31.4) | 169 (26.2) | 1410 (32.2) | 0.75 | 0.62, 0.90 | 0.002* |
No | 3451 (68.6) | 476 (73.8) | 2975 (67.8) | |||
Infant charactetistics | ||||||
Birth weight (kg) (mean, SD)(n = 3877) | 3.3, ±0.5 | 3.1 (±0.6) | 3.3 (±0.5) | 0.23 | 0.17, 0.28 | < 0.001** |
Gender (n, %) | ||||||
Male | 2605 (51.8) | 368 (57.1) | 2237 (51) | 1.27 | 1.08, 1.51 | 0.004** |
Female | 2425 (48.2) | 277 (42.9) | 2148 (49) | |||
Infant age (months) (mean, SD) | 12.1, ±7.1 | 14.2 (±6.9) | 11.9 (±7.0) | −2.34 | −0.29, −2.77 | < 0.001** |