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Table 3 Proportion of HIV, HCV, and HBV seropositive in relation to participants’ characteristics

From: High prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and C viral infections among people who inject drugs: a potential stumbling block in the control of HIV and viral hepatitis in Tanzania

Variables

HIV

HCV

HBV

Pos (%)

p-value

Pos (%)

p-value

Pos(%)

p-value

Age group (yrs)

 

0.89

 

0.73

 

0.15

 < 39

35(33.3)

 

54(51.4)

 

11 (10.5)

 

 ≥ 39

39(34.2)

 

56(49.1)

 

6 (5.3)

 

Sex

 

0.13

 

0.26

 

0.38

 Male

60(36.6)

 

86(52.4)

 

11(6.7)

 

 Female

14(25.5)

 

24(43.6)

 

6(10.9)

 

Marital status

 

0.01

 

0.25

 

0.39

 Unmarried

36(27.1)

 

63(47.4)

 

12(9.0)

 

 Married

38(44.2)

 

47(54.7)

 

5 (5.8)

 

Education level

 

0.33

 

0.74

 

0.08

 Low education

43(31.4)

 

70(51.1)

 

14 (10.2)

 

 High education

31(37.8)

 

40(48.8)

 

3 (3.7)

 

Occupation

 

0.39

 

0.58

 

0.98

 Unemployed

37(36.3)

 

55(53.9)

 

11(10.8)

 

 Employed

20(37.0)

 

26(48.1)

 

6(11.1)

 

 Business

17(27.0)

 

29(46.0)

 

0 (0.0)

 

Monthly income (USD)

 

0.17

 

0.63

 

0.51

 ≤ $45

47(37.6)

 

61(48.8)

 

11 (8.8)

 

 > $45

27(28.7)

 

49(52.1)

 

6 (6.4)

 

Duration of injection

 

0.18

 

0.01

 

0.053

 ≤ 3 years

46(30.9)

 

66(44.3)

 

8 (5.4)

 

 > 3 years

28(40.0)

 

44(62.9)

 

9 (12.9)

 

Frequency of injection per day (last 6 months)

 

0.76

 

0.48

 

0.12

 ≤ 3 times

14(31.8)

 

20(55.5)

 

6(13.6)

 

 > 3 times

60(34.3)

 

90(51.4)

 

11 (6.3)

 

Needle sharing (last 6 months)

 

0.03

 

0.84

 

0.59

 No

31 (27.0)

 

57(49.6)

 

10(8.7)

 

 Yes

43(41.3)

 

53(51.0)

 

7 (6.7)

 

Condom use (last 6 months)

 

0.02

 

0.004

 

0.39

 Never/irregular

46(41.1)

 

67(59.8)

 

7 (6.2)

 

 Always

28(26.2)

 

43(40.2)

 

10 (9.3)

 
  1. Key: Pos Positive