Table 2 Summary of risk factors associated with antenatal depression (N = 10)
Risk factors | Number of reviews in which the risk factor was reported | Number of primary studies in which the factor was reported | Total participants |
|---|---|---|---|
History of abuse (childhood or current sexual, physical or psychological) or domestic violence or intimate partner violence | 6 | 73 | 293,621 |
Lack of partner or of social support and poor marital relationship | 4 | 47 | 226,078 |
Personal or family history of any mental disorder or stress | 3 | 34 | 177,014 |
Un-planned or unwanted pregnancy specially during premarital condition or nullparity | 3 | 36 | 70,296 |
History of poor obstetric condition like current or past pregnancy complications such as hyperemesis gravidurum, adverse birth outcomes (low birth weight, preterm, still birth or infant lose after delivery), had cesarean section delivery | 4 | 33 | 56, 916 |
Maternal low economic status or unemployment condition or financial difficulties | 3 | 32 | 20,239 |
Maternal poor behavioral condition or practices like smoking, alcohol use, illicit drug use) | 1 | 29 | 18,444 |
Maternal low educational status | 2 | 22 | 14,638 |
| Â | 10 reviews | 306 primary studies | 877,246 participants |