Association of smoking cessation after atrial fibrillation diagnosis on the risk of cardiovascular disease: a cohort study of South Korean men

Table 2 Hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease according to the change in smoking habit among atrial fibrillation male patients

	Continual smokers	Quitters	Sustained ex-smokers	Never smokers	p for trend
Cardiovascular disease
Events	93	35	110	151
Person-years	2407	1312	3382	4666
aHR (95% CI)^a	1.00 (reference)	0.65 (0.44–0.97)	0.76 (0.57–1.02)	0.68 (0.52–0.90)	0.020
Total stroke
Events	60	20	65	92
Person-years	2541	1374	3512	4871
aHR (95% CI)^a	1.00 (reference)	0.59 (0.35–0.99)	0.72 (0.50–1.04)	0.66 (0.46–0.93)	0.047
Ischemic stroke
Events	46	13	44	64
Person-years	2589	1395	3568	4942
aHR (95% CI)^a	1.00 (reference)	0.50 (0.27–0.94)	0.64 (0.42–0.99)	0.61 (0.41–0.91)	0.047
Hemorrhagic stroke
Events	6	3	8	11
Person-years	2687	1414	3659	5117
aHR (95% CI)^a	1.00 (reference)	0.96 (0.23–4.00)	1.00 (0.34–3.00)	0.88 (0.31–2.54)	0.805
Coronary heart disease
Events	44	19	53	79
Person-years	2545	1347	3527	4904
aHR (95% CI)^a	1.00 (reference)	0.75 (0.43–1.29)	0.77 (0.51–1.17)	0.74 (0.50–1.10)	0.189
Acute myocardial infarction
Events	12	2	4	20
Person-years	2682	1411	3674	5136
aHR (95% CI)^a	1.00 (reference)	0.27 (0.06–1.23)	0.21 (0.06–0.67)	0.67 (0.31–1.45)	0.530

Acronyms: aHR adjusted hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
^aHazard ratios calculated by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis after adjustments for age, household income, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting serum glucose, total cholesterol, Charlson comorbidity index, aspirin use, warfarin use, and index year

ISSN: 1471-2458