From: Birth order is associated with caries development in young children: a register-based cohort study
Variables | Caries increment (Δ deft = 0) | Caries increment (Δ deft > 0) |
---|---|---|
(n = 50,548) | (n = 14,711) | |
% | % Pa | |
Gender | ||
Boy | 77 | 23 < 0.001 |
Girl | 78 | 22 |
Birth order | ||
First-born | 81 | 19 < 0.001 |
Second-born | 78 | 22 |
Third-born | 71 | 29 |
Fourth-born | 61 | 39 |
Fifth- or later-born | 52 | 48 |
Maternal country of birth | ||
Sweden | 83 | 17 < 0.001 |
Abroad | 60 | 40 |
Paternal country of birth | ||
Sweden | 83 | 17 < 0.001 |
Abroad | 61 | 39 |
Maternal education level | ||
≥ 13 years | 83 | 17 < 0.001 |
10–12 years | 74 | 26 |
≤ 9 years | 57 | 43 |
Family situation | ||
Cohabiting | 78 | 22 < 0.001 |
Single | 66 | 34 |
Family income | ||
First quintile (highest) | 85 | 15 < 0.001 |
Second quintile | 83 | 17 |
Third quintile | 80 | 20 |
Fourth quintile | 75 | 24 |
Fifth quintile (lowest) | 64 | 36 |
Social welfare allowance | ||
No | 78 | 22 < 0.001 |
Yes | 55 | 45 |
Maternal smoking in early pregnancy | ||
No | 86 | 14 < 0.001 |
Yes | 81 | 19 |
Maternal BMI in early pregnancy | ||
< 25.00 | 79 | 21 < 0.001 |
25.00–29.99 | 75 | 25 |
≥ 30.00 | 70 | 30 |
Maternal age at delivery | ||
25–34 years | 79 | 21 < 0.001 |
< 25 years | 64 | 36 |
≥ 35 years | 78 | 22 |