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Table 6 Chilla participation and Postpartum Depression at Six Months, Bachpan cohort, Pakistan

From: Maternal depression in rural Pakistan: the protective associations with cultural postpartum practices

 

Model A: Full Sample - Unadjusted

Model B: Full Sample - Adjusted

Model C: Non-depressed

Model D: Depressed

N = 729

N = 729

N = 379

N = 350

Panel A: SCID+

OR

CI

OR

CI

OR

CI

OR

CI

 Chilla - Duration

0.87***

0.80

0.94

0.92

0.84

1.01

0.87

0.75

1.01

0.95

0.85

1.06

 Chilla - No Chores

0.69

0.39

1.23

0.62

0.36

1.04

1.02

0.43

2.42

0.53*

0.28

0.99

 Chilla - Female Help

1.23

0.56

2.71

         

 Chilla - Diet

0.72

0.32

1.62

0.93

0.44

1.98

1.09

0.29

4.07

0.72

0.31

1.67

 Chilla Satifaction

0.77

0.49

1.21

1.09

0.64

1.87

0.63

0.26

1.55

1.32

0.70

2.51

 MSPSS

   

0.74**

0.60

0.91

0.72*

0.53

0.97

0.77**

0.63

0.95

 SCID Baseline

   

2.42***

1.61

3.62

1.02

0.94

1.11

1.03

0.97

1.09

 Maternal Age

   

1.04

0.99

1.09

      

 Maternal Education

   

0.84*

0.73

0.97

0.88

0.69

1.11

0.93

0.77

1.12

 Parity

   

1.12

0.61

2.06

1.29

0.61

2.71

1.27

0.66

2.44

 SES

   

0.90

0.73

1.10

0.95

0.72

1.25

0.83

0.68

1.02

 Mother-in-law

   

1.35

0.81

2.25

1.68

0.80

3.55

1.10

0.64

1.89

 People in Room

   

1.02

0.93

1.11

1.12

0.98

1.28

0.93

0.79

1.08

 Study Arm

   

0.92

0.61

1.39

0.91

0.48

1.73

0.87

0.55

1.40

 Intercept

0.98

0.38

2.49

0.82

0.09

7.70

0.92

0.05

17.88

3.08

0.35

27.02

Panel B: PHQ-9++

Coefficient

CI

Coefficient

CI

Coefficient

CI

Coefficient

CI

 Chilla - Duration

−0.22

− 0.45

0.01

− 0.04

− 0.27

0.18

− 0.02

− 0.22

0.18

− 0.06

− 0.34

0.21

 Chilla - No Chores

− 0.56

−2.29

1.18

− 0.59

−2.05

0.87

0.47

− 0.69

1.64

−1.95*

−3.57

− 0.34

 Chilla - Female Help

1.52

− 0.46

3.49

         

 Chilla - Diet

−2.48**

−4.40

−0.56

− 1.49**

− 2.63

− 0.34

− 1.97*

−3.75

− 0.19

−0.71

− 2.88

1.46

 Chilla Satifaction

−0.61

− 2.02

0.79

0.13

− 1.30

1.55

−0.06

− 1.42

1.31

0.25

− 1.32

1.83

 MSPSS

   

−0.69***

−1.01

−0.37

− 0.54**

−0.97

− 0.12

−0.80***

−1.31

− 0.29

 PHQ-9 Baseline

   

0.24***

0.18

0.30

0.28***

0.19

0.38

0.20***

0.08

0.32

 Maternal Age

   

0.05

−0.03

0.13

0.05

− 0.05

0.15

0.06

−0.08

0.20

 Maternal Education

   

−0.17

−0.42

0.08

−0.20

− 0.50

0.10

− 0.30

−0.75

0.16

 Parity

   

0.12

−0.54

0.78

0.19

−0.71

1.09

0.10

−1.45

1.64

 SES

   

0.03

−0.33

0.38

0.12

−0.24

0.47

−0.06

−0.55

0.44

 Mother-in-law

   

0.35

−0.32

1.01

0.32

−0.61

1.24

0.38

−0.95

1.71

 People in Room

   

0.07

−0.10

0.24

−0.02

− 0.23

0.20

0.19

−0.17

0.54

 Study Arm

   

−0.78*

−1.40

−0.15

− 0.91*

−1.70

−0.13

− 0.76

− 1.92

0.39

 Intercept

6.88

4.85

8.91

6.65

3.40

9.89

5.40

1.34

9.46

7.91

2.27

13.54

  1. *p < .05, ** < .01, ***p < .001; Abbreviations: Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), Socioeconomic Status (SES), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID)