Maternal depression in rural Pakistan: the protective associations with cultural postpartum practices

BMC Public Health

Table 4 Comparison of baseline characteristics between analytic and missing samples, Bachpan cohort, Pakistan

	Analytic Sample		Reappear at 6 Months		Test of Difference+		Only in Baseline		Test of Difference++
	N = 823		N = 105				N = 226
	N/Mean	%/SD			T-Test	Chi-Squared	N/Mean	%/SD	T-Test	Chi-Squared
Demographic Characteristics
Maternal Age	26.62	4.43	26.63	4.64	−0.01		27.05	4.91	−1.25
Maternal Education						4.29
None	111	12.84	18	17.14			41	18.14		3.47
Primary (1–5)	159	18.33	23	21.9			44	19.47
Middle (6–8)	157	18.67	19	18.1			39	17.26
Secondary (9, 10)	209	25.66	28	26.67			56	24.78
Higher Secondary (11, 12)	84	10.35	5	4.76			20	8.85
Tertiary (> 12)	103	14.16	12	11.43			26	11.50
Parity						0.11				3.06
First Pregnancy	238	28.92	32	30.48			79.00	34.96
One or more children	585	71.08	73	69.52			147.00	65.04
SES Quintiles						4.67				4.07
Lowest	153	16.93	27	25.71			50	22.12
Lower Middle	163	18.08	17	16.19			51	22.57
Middle	171	20.66	16	15.24			44	19.47
Upper Middle	165	21.51	21	20			45	19.91
Highest	171	22.82	24	22.86			36	15.93
Mother-in-law						0.33				4.45*
Yes	557	68.5	74	70.48			136	60.18
People in Room	2.37	1.73	2.16	1.13	1.20		2.72	2.56	−2.36*
Depression Characteristics
SCID Baseline	405	49.21	52	49.52		0.00	105	46.88		0.38
PHQ-9 Baseline	8.73	6.68	8.22	6.79	0.74		8.65	6.82	0.16

*p < .05, ** < .01, ***p < .001; + Test of difference between analytic sample and those reappearing at 6 months; ++ Test of difference between analytic sample and those only at baseline; Abbreviations: Socioeconomic Status (SES), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID)

ISSN: 1471-2458