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Table 2 Compliance in Minneapolis vs. St. Paul

From: Store and neighborhood differences in retailer compliance with a local staple foods ordinance

Compliance Outcome

City

Pre-policy (2014) Mean (SE)

Implementation only (2015) Mean (SE)

Early initiation of enforcement (2016) Mean (SE)

Continued monitoring (2017) Mean (SE)

Overall Effect (time-by-city) P (dfā€‰=ā€‰3)

Met 80% of ordinance standards (% of stores)

Minneapolis (Policy)

24.4 (4.9)

40.7 (5.6)

31.0 (5.2)

50.5 (5.9)

0.83

St. Paul (Control)

3.2 (2.2)

11.6 (4.1)

6.7 (3.2)

14.4 (4.7)

Ā 

10 point scale (0ā€“10; 1 point for each standard met)

Minneapolis (Policy)

5.7 (0.3)

6.4 (0.3)

6.6 (0.2)

7.1 (0.2)

0.30

St. Paul (Control)

4.4 (0.2)

4.7 (0.3)

4.9 (0.3)

5.3 (0.3)

Ā 

Have any food in each of 10 categories (% of stores)

Minneapolis (Policy)

27.6 (5.2)

39.0 (5.5)

51.1 (5.8)

75.1 (5.1)

0.01

St. Paul (Control)

12.3 (4.1)

12.7 (4.2)

16.3 (4.7)

19.1 (5.2)

Ā 

p-net

Ā 

pā€‰=ā€‰0.27

pā€‰=ā€‰0.13

pā€‰=ā€‰0.0009

Ā 
  1. Note: Regression models are adjusted for repeated measures over time and for neighborhood race/ethnicity (the only covariate that was significant in bivariate comparisons between Minneapolis and St. Paul); p-net values refer to changes in time-by-city effect from pre-policy to implementation only, from pre-policy to early initiation of enforcement, from pre-policy to continued monitoring respectively bolded values: pā€‰ā‰¤ā€‰.05