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Table 1 StAR2 brief text-message library: structure and examples

From: Intervention development of a brief messaging intervention for a randomised controlled trial to improve diabetes treatment adherence in sub-Saharan Africa

A: ENHANCE MEDICAL ADHERENCE

Number of SMSs

1. Medication collection

Example: “We think it might be nearly time for your next medicine date. Please check your clinic card and come on your date. Thnx [DiabetesTeam@Van Clinic]”

22

2. Medical appointment

Example: “Attending clinic appointments will help you stay healthy. Pls plan ahead for your arrangements (travel, work, childcare). Thnx [DiabetesTeam@Van Clinic]”

19

3. Taking medication regularly

Example: “Taking your diabetes and other meds as prescribed means that you are in control of your health. Keep it up! Thnx [DiabetesTeam@Van Clinic]”

48

4. Medical adherence support: general

Example: “It’s easy to forget to take your meds at social occasions. Keeping some meds in your wallet or pocket could help. Thnx [DiabetesTeam@Van Clinic]”

18

Subtotal

107

B: ENHANCE GENERAL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

1. General health and well-being

Example: “Taking your meds, exercising and eating healthy can improve your blood sugar levels and prevent or reduce complications. Thnx [DiabetesTeam@VanCHC]”

27

2. Exercise, nutrition, and health

Example: “Being more active can help you feel more energetic. Walking, standing, jumping are healthier than sitting. Thnx [DiabetesTeam@Van Clinic]”;

“Healthier eating includes eating a variety of protein (beans, meat, fish and eggs), more vegetables and less starchy foods. Thnx [DiabetesTeam@VanCHC]”

9

3. Smoking and drinking

Example: “Smoking increases your risk of hypertension, heart disease & stroke, so it’s better to avoid smoking or cut down. Thnx [DiabetesTeam@Van Clinic]”

6

4. Stress management

Example: “Coping with diabetes and a busy life can be stressful. Learning to manage your stress better can help improve your health. Thnx [DiabetesTeam@Van Clinic]”

7

Subtotal

49

TOTAL

156

C: TRIAL-RELATED AND GENERAL

16