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Table 5 Association of famine exposure in early life with overweight and general obesity among females, multinomial logistic regression analysis, North Wollo Zone, Raya Kobo district, Northeast Ethiopia, 2019 (n = 1384)

From: Impact of early life famine exposure on adulthood anthropometry among survivors of the 1983–1985 Ethiopian Great famine: a historical cohort study

Famine exposure status
Models BMI category Variables Early life exposed ð Prenatal exposed Post-natal exposed Adolescence exposed
OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI) OR (95% CI)
Crude model Overweight Exposed 0.96 (0.70, 1.32) 0.96 (0.65, 1.42) 0.95 (0.65, 1.41) 0.98 (0.66, 1.44)
Obesity Exposed 1.08 (0.76, 1.53) 0.91 (0.60,1.40) 1.13 (0.74, 1.75) 1.24 (0.80, 1.90)
Adjusted model Overweight Exposed 0.84 (0.56,1.26) 1.16 (0.39, 3.40) 2.79 (0.28, 27.5) 1.64 (0.39, 6.85)
Female 0.79 (0.58,1.06) 0.65 (0.43, 1.00) 0.72 (0.47,1.10) 0.75 (0.48,1.15)
Age 0.99 (0.96,1.02) 1.08 (0.83,1.40) 1.19 (0.84,1.69) 1.02 (0.94,1.10)
Urban 0.85 (0.62,1.17) 0.83 (0.51,1.33) 0.80 (0.49, 1.28) 0.70 (0.44, 1.00)
Illiterate 0.75 (0.47,1.16)a 0.58 (0.32,1.06) a 0.80 (0.42 1.52) 0.80 (0.42, 1.54)
Primary school 0.86 (0.54,1.38) 0.74 (0.39, 1.40) 0.80 (0.42, 1.55) 0.78 (0.39, 1.55)
Secondary school 1.05 (0.66,1.66) 0.73 (0.42,1.29) 1.17 (0.64, 2.20) 1.01 (0.53, 1.92)
Unhealthy dietary pattern 0.97 (0.74,1.28) 1.13 (0.76, 1.69) 0.81 (0.54, 1.20) 1.88 (0.59,1.30)
Low physical activity level 0.69 (0.45,1.07) 0.76 (0.36, 1.60) 0.48 (0.24, 0.98) 0.59 (0.32, 1.11)
Moderate activity level 0.48 (0.60,1.17) 0.68 (0.41, 1.13) 1.18 (0.74, 1.90) 0.65 (0.39,1.06)
Current drinker 0.85 (0.54,1.36) 0.54 (0.34,1.25) 0.75 (0.50, 1.12) 0.65 (0.31,1.20)
Current smoker 0.98 (0.61,1.57) 0.65 (0.37,1.12) 0.90 (0.43, 2.22) 0.30 (0.31, 1.20)
Obesity Exposed 0.85 (0.55,1.33) 1.04 (0.33, 3.30) 0.20 (0.01, 2.30) 2.32 (0.45,13.0)
Female 0.68 (0.58,0.54)a 0.57 (0.37, 0.92) a 0.51 (0.32, 0.82) a 0.60 (0.37,0.97)
Age 0.99 (0.96,1.02) 1.05 (0.80,1.39) 1.17 (1.15, 2.52) a 1.04 (0.95,1.13)
Urban 1.15 (0.82,1.62) 1.59 (1.00, 2.53) a 1.09 (0.66, 1.180) 0.90 (0.55,1.48)
Illiterate 0.61 (0.37, 1.00) 0.56 (0.30,1.10) 0.97 (0.48, 1.96) 0.54 (0.27, 1.09)
Primary school 0.99 (0.61,1.63) 0.88 (0.47, 1.68) 0.90 (0.45, 1.83) 0.81 (0.41, 1.61)
Secondary school 0.78 (0.47,1.29) 0.51 (0.26,0.96) a 0.77 (0.39, 1.55) 0.58 (0.29, 1.18)
Unhealthy dietary pattern 0.82 (0.60,1.12) 0.79 (0.52, 1.21) 0.65 (0.42, 1.00) 0.80 (0.52,1.25)
Low physical activity level 0.09 (0.42, 1.13) 1.06 (0.51, 2.20) 0.59 (0.28, 1.27) 0.76 (0.39, 1.49)
Moderate activity level 0.97 (0.67,1.39) 1.04 (0.63,1.71) 1.34 (0.80, 2.25) 0.83 (0.49, 1.41)
Current drinker 0.84 (0.57, 1.24) 0.16 (0.01, 2.25) 0.24 (0.01, 5.30) 0.70 (0.36,1.70)
Current smoker 1.86 (0.56, 1.32) 0.64 (0.35,1.17) 0.28 (0.56, 3.41) 0.81 (0.53, 1.30)
  1. Normal BMI, Male gender, rural residence, healthy dietary pattern, vigorous, non-smoker/drinker, physical activity above education secondary school education, healthy dietary pattern was reference
  2. aVariables with significant association
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BMC Public Health

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