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Table 1 Baseline characteristics

From: Receipt of infant HIV DNA PCR test results is associated with a reduction in retention of HIV-exposed infants in integrated HIV care and healthcare services: a quantitative sub-study nested within a cluster randomised trial in rural Malawi

a) Maternal characteristics.

n = 1072

MIPa

(n = 386)

MIP + SMSb (n = 383)

SOCc

(n = 303)

Parity median (IQR)

3 (2–4)

3 (2–5)

3 (2–4)

Marital status n (%)

 Single

17 (4.4)

16 (4.2)

3 (1.0)

 Married

351 (90.9)

359 (93.3)

290 (94.8)

 Widowed

4 (1.0)

0

2 (0.7)

 Divorced

13 (3.4)

8 (2.1)

11 (3.6)

Education level n (%)

 None

125 (32.3)

141 (36.8)

128 (41.8)

 Some Primary

194 (50.3)

202 (52.7)

133 (43.5)

 Completed primary

14 (3.6)

10 (2.6)

15 (4.9)

 Some secondary

41 (10.6)

24 (6.3)

24 (7.8)

 Completed secondary

8 (2.1)

5 (1.3)

5 (1.6)

 More than secondary

3 (0.8)

1 (0.3)

1 (0.3)

Distance to facility n (%)

 Less than 2 km

96 (24.9)

99 (25.9)

68 (22.2)

 Between 2 and 5 km

159 (41.2)

160 (41.8)

118 (38.6)

 More than 5 km

130 (33.7)

124 (32.4)

120 (39.2)

Transport n (%)

 Walking

233 (60.4)

247 (64.5)

239 (78.1)

 Bicycle

106 (27.5)

67 (17.5)

48 (15.7)

 Bus

14 (3.6)

41 (10.7)

6 (2.0)

 Taxi

14 (3.6)

6 (1.6)

1 (0.3)

 Motorbike

15 (3.9)

21 (5.5)

11 (3.6)

 Other

3 (0.8)

1 (0.3)

1 (0.3)

On ART prior to study n (%)

 No, newly initiated

117 (30.3)

138 (36.0)

143 (46.7)

 No, not known

46 (11.9)

32 (8.6)

18 (5.9)

 Yes

222 (57.5)

213 (55.6)

145 (47.4)

b) Infant characteristics.

n = 1067

MIP

(n = 379)

MIP + SMS

(n = 390)

SOC

(n = 298)

Gestational age, weeks: mean (sd)

37.0 (1.9)

36.9 (1.6)

37.1 (1.7)

Delivery location n (%)

 Health facility

328 (84.1)

328 (84.1)

245 (82.2)

 Home

21 (5.5)

25 (6.4)

21 (7.1)

Sex n (%)

 Male

177 (46.7)

200 (51.3)

156 (52.4)

 Female

202 (53.3)

190 (48.7)

142 (47.7)

  1. aMother-and-infant clinics
  2. b Mother-and-infant clinics with short messaging service
  3. cStandard of care
  4. Note: Where percentages don’t add up to 100%, the remaining percentages consisted of missing values