Income, inflammation and cancer mortality: a study of U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey mortality follow-up cohorts

Table 3 Multivariate Cox Proportional Hazard Model Adjusted for CRP

Characteristics	NHANES III 1988–1994			NHANES 1999–2002
Characteristics	Hazard Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	P-value	Hazard Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	P-value
*C-Reactive Protein (mg/dL)*
< 0.22 mg/dL^a	1			1
0.22–0.99 mg/dL	1.01	0.81–1.26	0.90	0.94	0.55–1.59	0.80
> 0.99 mg/dL	1.49	1.04–2.13	0.03	1.49	0.92–2.42	0.10
*Race/Ethnicity*
White^a	1			1
Black	1.25	0.97–1.61	0.09	1.29	0.75–2.23	0.35
Hispanics/Other	0.90	0.61–1.34	0.61	1.30	0.64–2.64	0.46
*Gender*
Male^a	1			1
Female	0.68	0.54–0.87	0.003	0.52	0.27–0.99	0.047
*Education*
Below High School^a	1			1
High School/Equivalent	1.31	0.99–1.72	0.06	1.19	0.57–2.52	0.63
Above High School	1.17	0.79–1.74	0.41	0.73	0.31–1.68	0.44
*Income Level*
Low^a	1			1
Middle	0.85	0.70–1.05	0.12	1.20	0.70–2.05	0.49
High	0.79	0.56–1.11	0.17	1.58	0.78–3.19	0.20
*Occupation*
Blue Collar, Semi-Routine^a	1			1
White Collar and Professional	0.89	0.60–1.32	0.54	0.73	0.40–1.31	0.28
White Collar, Semi-Routine	0.94	0.60–1.46	0.76	1.04	0.57–1.91	0.89
Blue Collar, High Skill	1.05	0.67–1.62	0.84	1.31	0.88–1.97	0.18
Not Working	1.34	0.78–2.30	0.28	0.91	0.26–3.11	0.87
*Body Mass Index (kg/m*²)
Underweight^a	1			1
Normal	1.40	0.73–2.67	0.31	1.71	0.33–8.86	0.51
Overweight	1.10	0.61–1.99	0.74	1.91	0.41–8.81	0.40
Obese	1.64	0.84–3.17	0.14	2.58	0.52–12.72	0.24
*Smoking*
Never^a	1			1
Former	1.67	1.15–2.42	0.01	2.23	1.32–3.77	0.004
Current	3.86	2.87–5.18	< 0.001	6.99	4.11–11.88	< 0.001
*Physical Activity*^b
About the Same^a	1			1
Less Active	1.15	0.86–1.53	0.35	1.15	0.57–2.32	0.68
More Active	0.69	0.55–0.85	0.001	0.87	0.47–1.62	0.65

ISSN: 1471-2458