No | Q-statements (*: consensus statements) | Z-scores | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type I | Type II | Type III | Type IV | ||
<Individual level> | |||||
1 | I am healthy and can recover quickly from an infection. | −0.91 | 1.90 | − 1.49 | 0.78 |
2 | I usually take preventive behaviors such as proper hand washing and wearing a mask. | −1.19 | 0.05 | 0.50 | 1.49 |
3 | Hand washing, wearing a mask, and coughing manner are important to prevent infections. | 0.74 | 1.78 | 1.28 | 1.55 |
4 | An infected person should visit the hospital immediately to prevent the airborne infection. | 1.18 | 1.51 | 2.23 | 1.78 |
18 | During the pandemic, I am afraid to be with a person who is coughing or wearing a mask. | −0.59 | −1.41 | − 0.36 | − 1.19 |
19 | During the pandemic, I am afraid of being infected and infecting other family members. | −0.64 | −0.95 | 1.19 | −0.99 |
20 | I have vague fears about airborne disease and no specific idea of prevention. | 0.58 | −0.23 | −0.48 | −0.58 |
21 | Airborne infection cannot be prevented by personal efforts, and caught by bad luck. | −0.34 | −1.56 | −1.90 | −0.49 |
22 | I won’t go outside and I avoid crowded places during the pandemic. | −1.54 | −1.16 | −0.36 | −1.36 |
23 | I am not sure about the infection control and will be embarrassed a situation of infection. | −0.03 | 0.05 | 0.04 | −1.25 |
24 | I am afraid of people’s attention rather than of suffering from the infection. | −1.06 | 0.07 | −1.12 | −0.94 |
25 | When the pandemic, those who perform thorough prevention measure are high sensitive. | −0.97 | −0.55 | −1.80 | −0.31 |
26 | The prevalence is the result of people who have noncompliance with personal measures. | −0.79 | −0.19 | −0.61 | −0.28 |
27 | I had a resentful view that inappropriate management of patients were the cause of spread.* | −2.02 | −1.50 | −1.27 | −1.94 |
<Organizational level> | |||||
5 | My family is interested in health care and manages hygiene thoroughly. | −0.37 | 0.02 | −0.57 | 0.81 |
6 | Hospitals need simulation training to respond quickly such as pandemic infection. | 0.71 | 0.06 | 1.06 | 1.03 |
7 | Compliance and expansion of negative-pressure facilities are required for infection control. | 0.32 | 1.06 | 0.05 | 0.80 |
8 | Well-designed ventilation and operation system can prevent airborne infection. | −0.49 | −0.19 | −1.01 | 0.46 |
9 | Schools should provide sufficient information and education about the airborne infections. | 1.05 | −0.41 | 0.77 | 1.05 |
10 | It is urgent to improve the hospital visiting culture for the prevention of infection spread. | 1.12 | −1.29 | −0.30 | −0.18 |
28 | The narrow aisle of beds and poor ventilation systems are major obstacles of prevention. | −0.22 | 0.46 | −0.04 | −0.61 |
<Governmental level> | |||||
11 | The citizen should actively cooperate with the measures of national and local governments.* | 1.26 | 0.40 | 1.37 | 1.28 |
12 | Government should lower vaccine prices and expand free vaccination. | 1.30 | 2.11 | 0.90 | 1.47 |
13 | Government should invest more in education/ promotion for the prevention of infection. | 1.38 | −1.50 | 0.00 | −0.47 |
14 | Government should make measures to prevent and manage airborne diseases. | 2.05 | 0.13 | 0.35 | 0.63 |
15 | Companies, schools, and the municipal government should supply masks for the citizens. | 0.15 | −0.94 | 0.03 | 0.32 |
16 | A policy should be developed to respect the rights of infected person. | 0.98 | −0.12 | 0.39 | 0.33 |
17 | To prevent pandemic, national inspection and isolation system should be set up. | 0.81 | 1.33 | 1.04 | 0.63 |
29 | There is a lack of public’s interest and education on the prevention. | −0.25 | −0.23 | 0.64 | −0.02 |
30 | Anyone who doesn’t compliance of quarantine should be punish. | −0.48 | 0.12 | 1.13 | −1.56 |
31 | Government have a lack of policies and regulations to manage infection. | 0.09 | −0.43 | 0.48 | −0.60 |
32 | The domestic outbreak of infection is more problematic than overseas inflow. | 0.09 | 1.20 | −0.55 | −1.10 |
33 | It creates vague public anxieties that the media provide much information. | −1.94 | 0.42 | −1.58 | −0.52 |