Table 7 Multivariate results (ATT) based on intent-to-treat analysis (base category = “no treatment”)
From: Evaluation of a multimedia youth anti-smoking and girls’ empowerment campaign: SKY Girls Ghana
Outcome | Outcome indicator | Full treatment | Partial treatment | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Marginal Effect | Std Err | Marginal Effect | Std Err | ||
1. Girls are part of supportive ‘sistahood’ | Perception of sources of social support outside the family | 0.114* | −0.047 | 0.0598 | −0.052 |
Perception that friends support their decisions | 0.0816 | −0.044 | 0.0588 | − 0.044 | |
Perception of acceptance when saying no to friends | 0.0144 | −0.04 | − 0.0608 | − 0.047 | |
Perception of pressure to smoke shisha (−) | − 0.0692 | − 0.039 | − 0.135** | − 0.049 | |
Perception of pressure to smoke cigarettes (−) | − 0.117* | − 0.047 | −0.0652 | − 0.055 | |
2. Girls connect, share, explore issues | Held conversations with friends about smoking | 0.123** | −0.043 | −0.167** | − 0.062 |
Held conversations with adults about smoking | 0.0556 | −0.061 | 0.0195 | −0.071 | |
3. Girls express themselves through choices they make | Perception of being able to make choices for themselves | 0.117* | −0.056 | − 0.0199 | − 0.067 |
4. Girls model refusal skills | Perception of confidence when saying no to friends | −0.0844 | − 0.079 | − 0.152** | −0.059 |
5. Reduced aspiration to smoke | Agreement with beliefs that favor smoking shishaa | 0.0423 | −0.044 | −0.0287 | − 0.053 |
Agreement with beliefs that favor smoking cigarettesa | 0.129** | −0.04 | 0.0248 | −0.049 | |
Agreement with the idea that peers can justify smoking shishaa | −0.203** | − 0.041 | − 0.204** | −0.051 | |
Agreement with the idea that peers can justify smoking cigarettesa | −0.121** | − 0.044 | − 0.0326 | − 0.051 | |
Perception that most peers smoke tobacco (−) | − 0.0308 | −0.041 | 0.0262 | −0.046 | |
Perception that most peers smoke shisha (−) | −0.0309 | −0.039 | − 0.0382 | −0.037 | |