Fig. 1

Effects of school reopening during community “lockdown.” Post-intervention R₀ as a function of baseline R₀ under various conditions are shown. Dashed black line: Baseline, represents all contact patterns pre-pandemic. Solid orange line: School closure alone, represents community pre-pandemic contact patterns but with contacts among children 0–19 years removed to simulate full school closure. Solid green line: Full “lockdown,” represents full contact suppression during pandemic conditions. Solid blue line: Full school reopening, represents full “lockdown” conditions but with re-incorporation of all contacts among children 0–19 years according to baseline contact patterns to simulate return to full school attendance. Interrupted blue line: Mixed reopening model, simulates the effect of re-incorporating full contact patterns for children 0–9 years with reduction in contacts in children 10–19 years to 33% of baseline. Dashed blue line: Reopen < 10 years only, simulates the effect of re-incorporating baseline contact patterns for children 0–9 years only