Table 2 Characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to the trauma center following violence-related injuries
Overalla | Interpersonal (76.7%) | Self-inflicted (23.3%) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age; mean ± SD | 30.8 ± 11.1 | 30.7 ± 11.5 | 30.4 ± 8.9 | 0.004 |
Males; n (%) | 595 (90.4) | 446 (95.3) | 102 (71.8) | 0.001 |
Type of trauma; n (%) | ||||
• Blunt | 331 (50.5) | 229 (48.9) | 76 (53.5) | 0.003 |
• Penetrating | 324 (49.5) | 239 (51.1) | 63 (44.4) | |
GCS; mean ± SD | ||||
• ED | 13.63 ± 3.0 | 13.45 ± 3.8 | 13.29 ± 4.10 | 0.001 |
• After 1 h | 13.29 ± 3.9 | 12.4 ± 4.67 | 11.96 ± 5.06 | 0.001 |
BAC Positive; n (%) | 143 (23.4) | 116 (24.8) | 17 (12.0) | 0.001 |
BAC; mean ± SD | 36.9 ± 17.0 | 36.3 ± 16.9 | 37.8 ± 16.8 | 0.75 |
Injury at body sites; n (%) | ||||
• Head | 177 (26.9) | 141 (30.1) | 21 (14.8) | 0.001 |
• Face | 86 (13.1) | 60 (12.8) | 11 (7.7) | 0.063 |
• Neck | 48 (7.3) | 21 (4.5) | 27 (19.0) | 0.001 |
• Chest | 137 (20.8) | 108 (23.1) | 22 (15.5) | 0.053 |
• Abdomen | 161 (24.5) | 116 (24.8) | 36 (25.4) | 0.891 |
• Spine | 53 (8.1) | 27 (5.8) | 26 (18.3) | 0.001 |
• Arm | 59 (9.0) | 40 (8.5) | 15 (10.6) | 0.462 |
• Pelvis | 39 (5.9) | 19 (4.1) | 21 (14.8) | 0.001 |
• Leg | 57 (8.7) | 33 (7.1) | 23 (16.2) | 0.001 |
• External | 433 (65.8) | 321 (68.6) | 84 (59.2) | 0.037 |
AIS; mean ± SD | ||||
• Head | 3.4 ± 0.9 | 3.5 ± 1.1 | 4.3 ± 2.2 | 0.008 |
• Face | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 0.371 |
• Neck | 2.4 ± 1.2 | 2.6 ± 1.8 | 2.7 ± 1.8 | 0.799 |
• Chest | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 1.6 | 2.9 ± 1.6 | 0.847 |
• Abdomen | 2.3 ± 0.8 | 2.7 ± 1.6 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | 0.050 |
• Spine | 2.3 ± 0.9 | 2.4 ± 1.0 | 2.2 ± 0.7 | 0.498 |
• Arm | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 0.564 |
• Pelvis | 2.2 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 1.7 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 0.864 |
• Leg | 2.2 ± 0.5 | 2.4 ± 1.3 | 2.2 ± 0.4 | 0.571 |
• External | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 0.208 |
ISS; median (range) | 9 (1–75) | 9 (1–75) | 5 (1–75) | 0.05 |
Management; n (%) | ||||
• Intubation | 158 (24.0) | 106 (22.6) | 48 (33.8) | 0.007 |
• Exploratory Laparotomy | 122 (18.5) | 86 (18.4) | 29 (20.4) | 0.585 |
• Thoracotomy | 12 (1.8) | 10 (2.1) | 0 | 0.079 |
• Chest tube insertion | 82 (12.5) | 66 (14.1) | 12 (8.5) | 0.077 |
• Craniotomy/Craniectomy | 23 (3.5) | 21 (4.5) | 2 (1.4) | 0.092 |
• ORIF surgery | 39 (5.9) | 24 (5.1) | 11 (7.7) | 0.240 |
• Psychiatric referrals; n (%) | 133 (20.2) | 25 (5.3) | 101 (71.1) | 0.001 |
• ICU LOS; median (range) | 3 (1–142) | 3 (1–123) | 4 (1–142) | 0.451 |
• Hospital LOS; median (range) | 4 (1–142) | 3 (1–1032) | 4 (0–142) | 0.520 |
Mortality | 42 (6.4) | 26 (5.6) | 13 (9.2) | 0.125 |