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Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of participants grouped by spicy food flavor and intake frequency

From: Mediation effect of body mass index on the association between spicy food intake and hyperuricemia in rural Chinese adults: the Henan rural cohort study

Variable

Spicy food flavor

Ptrend

Spicy food intake frequency

Ptrend

No

Mild

Middle

Heavy

Never

1-2d/week

3-5d/week

6–7 d/week

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

Mean

SD

No. participants

16,282

14,889

5326

1530

 

12,361

3268

3264

10,026

 

Age (years)

58.3

11.4

53.9

12.3

52.3

12.4

52.1

11.5

< 0.001

58.2

11.7

51.6

13.2

51.4

13.5

54.4

11.6

< 0.001

Male (%)

37.8

38.4

44.1

46.4

< 0.001

39.1

38.1

44.6

42.1

< 0.001

Educational level (%)

    

< 0.001

    

< 0.001

 Illiterate and Elementary

49.0

41.5

41.0

42.8

 

48.4

33.6

34.7

45.6

 

 Middle school

37.1

41.8

41.9

43.5

 

36.1

41.4

41.4

40.8

 

 High school and above

13.9

16.7

17.2

13.7

 

15.5

25.0

23.9

13.7

 

Marital status (%)

    

< 0.001

    

< 0.001

 Married/cohabiting

87.9

90.7

91.9

92.0

 

88.2

91.4

90.8

91.7

 

 Widowed/single/divorced/separation

12.1

9.3

8.1

8.0

 

11.8

8.6

9.2

8.3

 

Smoking status(%)

    

< 0.001

    

< 0.001

 Nonsmoker

76.6

72.4

66.5

61.1

 

75.6

74.6

67.0

68.3

 

 Ex-smoker

8.6

7.7

7.1

6.8

 

8.4

6.5

7.9

7.4

 

 smoker

14.9

19.9

26.4

32.1

 

16.0

18.8

25.2

24.3

 

Drinking status(%)

    

< 0.001

    

< 0.001

 Nondrinker

82.7

75.6

68.1

68.9

 

83.2

77.2

72.1

72.6

 

 Ex-drinker

5.3

4.0

4.1

4.4

 

5.3

3.7

4.4

4.8

 

 Drinker

12.1

20.4

27.7

26.7

 

11.5

19.0

23.5

22.6

 

Physical activity (%)

    

< 0.001

    

< 0.001

 Low

34.8

30.8

28.7

31.4

 

35.8

34.4

31.8

26.1

 

 Middle

37.2

38.9

37.2

35.9

 

35.4

32.3

37.5

39.7

 

 High

28.0

30.3

34.0

32.7

 

28.8

33.3

30.8

34.2

 

Dietary pattern

    

< 0.001

    

< 0.001

 Pattern I

18.6

20.9

23.2

27.5

 

18.7

20.9

22.6

21.8

 

 Pattern II

30.7

35.3

33.9

38.8

 

28.6

29.1

30.2

41.3

 

 Pattern III

22.4

19.2

20.1

16.4

 

23.0

22.3

20.8

16.9

 

 Pattern IV

28.4

24.6

22.9

17.3

 

29.7

27.6

26.4

20.0

 

Total energy intake (kcal/d)

2387

661.1

2467

663.9

2531

691.2

2700

695.3

< 0.001

2368

662.8

2367

652.6

2443

662.1

2604

693.1

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m 2)

24.63

3.52

24.94

3.51

25.20

3.75

25.13

3.68

< 0.001

24.57

3.51

25.01

3.62

24.83

3.66

24.85

3.57

< 0.001

Serum creatinine (umol /L)

62.58

14.9

61.58

13.72

61.45

13.37

62.68

12.94

< 0.001

63.23

15.27

62.52

14.74

63.78

14.41

62.36

13.07

< 0.001

Serum urate level (umol /L)

282.43

77.0

287.7

80.5

290.7

82.8

301.6

84.1

< 0.001

288.5

77.6

296.9

83.9

301.4

86.7

297.2

81.2

< 0.001

T2DM (%)

10.6

8.5

8.88

8.6

< 0.001

10.0

8.1

7.4

8.0

< 0.001

Hypertension (%)

36.5

30.88

29.5

22.7

< 0.001

36.2

31.7

30.2

27.7

< 0.001

Dyslipidemia (%)

37.8

37.0

38.4

39.5

0.084

38.7

38.8

38.4

38.7

0.984

  1. SD Standard deviation, T2DM Type 2 diabetes mellitus