Association between obesity, common chronic diseases and health promoting lifestyle profiles in Hong Kong adults: a cross-sectional study

Table 1 Demographic characteristics and the prevalence of obesity and chronic diseases of the sample (n = 270)

	N	Percentage
Age, years (mean ± SD)	59.61 ± 1.15
Sex
Male	56	20.7
Female	214	79.3
Overweight or obese
Overall adiposity (BMI)^†	147	54.4
Abdominal adiposity (WHR)^†	140	51.9
Estimated Chronic diseases
Anemia^†	68	25.2
Chronic kidney disease^†	28	10.4
High cardiovascular disease risk^†	32	11.9

†For BMI, a ‘Yes’ response referred to participants with a BMI ≥ 23 kg/m²; for WHR, ‘Yes’ was defined as a WHR > 0.90 and > 0.85 for men and women, respectively; for estimated anemia, subjects with a hemoglobin level < 11.0 g/dL were considered in the ‘Yes’ group; for estimated chronic kidney disease, a ‘Yes’ response was defined as an eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m²; for Risk of cardiovascular disease, individuals with a estimated TC/HDL-C ratio > 5.0 for men and > 4.5 for women were categorized into the “high-risk” group in the table, while the others belonged to the “average-risk” group.
SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index, WHR waist-hip ratio, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, TC/HDL-C total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol

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