Table 3 Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between sleep duration and all-cause mortality, stratified by demographic and socioeconomic factors

 < 65 years

285/148,367

1,773,342/1,085,263,610

1.46 (0.75–2.83)

0.87 (0.64–1.20)

1.00 (Referent)

1.58 (1.00–2.48)

0.56

 ≥ 65 years

743/33,073

2,930,659/124,393,702

0.86 (0.64–1.15)

0.87 (0.71–1.07)

1.00 (Referent)

1.27 (0.97–1.67)

 Male

620/77,615

2,913,160/611,437,975

1.06 (0.69–1.64)

0.99 (0.79–1.24)

1.00 (Referent)

1.35 (0.96–1.89)

0.69

 Female

408/103,824

1,790,841/598,219,336

0.97 (0.66–1.45)

0.78 (0.59–1.03)

1.00 (Referent)

1.43 (0.99–2.06)

 Less than High school

782/48,304

3,343,865/317,448,992

0.94 (0.71–1.26)

0.92 (0.74–1.14)

1.00 (Referent)

1.39 (1.06–1.81)

0.89

 High school

128/35,469

963,827/489,412,883

1.20 (0.45–3.23)

0.83 (0.55–1.28)

1.00 (Referent)

1.23 (0.63–2.39)

 College or higher

118/97,668

396,310/ 402,795,436

2.02 (0.61–6.69)

0.87 (0.50–1.54)

1.00 (Referent)

1.75 (0.62–4.95)

 Non-physical labor

47/38,660

269,418/293,918,617

2.36 (0.42–3.36)

0.69 (0.37–1.31)

1.00 (Referent)

0.43 (0.04–4.42)

0.39

 Physical labor

357/73,971

1,662,546/494,418,683

1.25 (0.71–2.20)

0.92 (0.67–1.26)

1.00 (Referent)

1.16 (0.73–1.84)

 Unemployed

624/68,809

2,772,037/421,320,011

0.92 (0.67–1.27)

0.89 (0.72–1.12)

1.00 (Referent)

1.52 (1.13–2.04)