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Table 3 Compliance metrics in the We Can Prevent Diabetes study among participants attending at least one session, by study arm.a,b (n = 847; IND Individual; GRP Group/Individual; AC Attention Control)

From: The effects of financial incentives on diabetes prevention program attendance and weight loss among low-income patients: the We Can Prevent Diabetes cluster-randomized controlled trial

Compliance Measures

IND

(N = 33; n = 309)

GRP

(N = 30; n = 259)

AC

(N = 30; n = 279)

Achieved weight loss goal at any core session

 Met 5% weight loss goal, %

21.5

24.0*

15.2

 Met 7% weight loss goal, %

8.2

13.4**

9.3

 Met 10% weight loss goal,%

2.3

4.3

1.5

Achieve weight loss goal at any maintenance session

 Met 5% weight loss goal,%

20.3*

21.5*

14

 Met 7% weight loss goal,%

11.0

15.7*

9.7

 Met 10% weight loss goal,%

4.9

10.3*

5.5

Attendance (includes make-up sessions)

 Attended at least 12 DPP core sessions, %

60.8***

64.0***

38.6

 Attended at least six DPP maintenance sessions,%

23.0***

26.1***

11.0

Food and Physical Activity Logs (weeks 4–16)

 Mean number of sessions a participant completed their weekly food log

3.3

5.2*

3.4

 Mean number of sessions a participant completed their weekly food log per number of sessions attended

0.42

0.63*

0.53

 Mean number of sessions a participant completed their weekly physical activity log

5.0

5.5

4.5

 Mean number of sessions a participant completed their weekly physical activity log per number of sessions attended

0.62

0.67

0.72

 Mean physical activity minutes per week among participants reporting logs

164

213

177

 Achieved at least 150 min per week, %

30.0

47.4*

35.6

  1. a. Comparisons are between each incentive arm and the Attention Control arm.
  2. b. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001