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Table 1 Characteristics of adolescent girls and young women at baseline

From: Evaluating the effectiveness of incentives to improve HIV prevention outcomes for young females in Eswatini: Sitakhela Likusasa impact evaluation protocol and baseline results

Characteristics

All Participants

(N = 4863)

Urban

(U)

(N = 895)

Rural

(R)

(N = 3968)

U = R

p-value

aEnrolled-in-Education

(EIE)

(N = 2337)

Not aEnrolled in-Education

(NIE)

(N = 2526)

EIE = NIE

p-value

Age in years (mean (SD))

18.22 (2.24)

18.16 (2.28)

18.24 (2.24)

 

16.94 (1.90)

19.40 (1.86)

 

 15 years (n (%))

779 (16.0%)

143 (16.0%)

636 (16.0%)

0.16

693 (89.1%)

86 (11.0%)

< 0.01

 16 years (n (%))

594 (12.2%)

134 (15.0%)

460 (11.6%)

473 (79.6%)

121 (20.4%)

 17 years (n (%))

628 (12.9%)

115 (12.9%)

513 (12.9%)

405 (64.5%)

223 (35.5%)

 18 years (n (%))

612 (12.6%)

104 (11.6%)

508 (12.8%)

281 (45.9%)

331 (54.1%)

 19 years (n (%))

634 (13.0%)

104 (11.6%)

530 (13.4%)

194 (30.6%)

440 (69.4%)

 20 years (n (%))

636 (13.1%)

108 (12.1%)

528 (13.3%)

143 (22.5%)

493 (77.5%)

 21 years (n (%))

592 (12.2%)

112 (12.5%)

480 (12.1%)

98 (16.6%)

494 (83.5%)

 22 years (n (%))

388 (8.0%)

75 (8.4%)

313 (7.9%)

50 (12.9%)

338 (87.1%)

School history

 Highest grade attained

  Grade 1–7 (n (%))

1156 (23.8%)

182 (20.3%)

974 (24.6%)

< 0.01

550 (47.6%)

606 (52.4%)

< 0.01

  Form 1–6 (n (%))

3581 (73.6%)

668 (74.6%)

2913 (73.4%)

1700 (47.5%)

1881 (52.5%)

  Year 1–5 (n (%))

126 (2.6%)

45 (5.0%)

81 (2.0%)

87 (69.1%)

39 (31.0%)

 bTime travelled to school > 30 min (n(%))

832 (36.4%)

144 (28.5%)

688 (38.6%)

 

–

–

 

Sexual behaviours

 Never had sexual intercourse (n (%))

2301 (47.3%)

477 (53.3%)

1824 (46.0%)

< 0.01

1785 (77.6%)

516 (22.4%)

< 0.01

 cSexual partner age mixing (n (%))

428 (20.3%)

77 (22.5%)

351 (19.8%)

0.27

67 (15.6%)

361 (84.4%)

0.01

 Sexual intercourse multiple partners in last 12 months (n (%))

25 (1.2%)

7 (2.0%)

18 (1.0%)

0.11

7 (28.0%)

18 (72.0%)

0.32

 Condom used with last partner (n (%))

1377 (65.1%)

242 (70.6%)

1135 (64.1%)

0.02

334 (24.3%)

1043 (75.7%)

< 0.01

 Received money or gift in exchange for sexual intercourse (n (%))

586 (27.7%)

88 (25.7%)

498 (28.1%)

0.35

99 (16.9%)

487 (83.1%)

0.03

 Ever given birth (n (%))

1331 (52.0%)

159 (38.0%)

1172 (54.7%)

< 0.01

83 (6.2%)

1248 (93.8%)

< 0.01

 First pregnancy before the age of 17 (n (%))

505 (37.9%)

63 (39.6%)

442 (37.7%)

0.64

34 (6.7%)

471 (93.3%)

0.56

 Last sexual partner circumcised (n (%))

782 (42.3%)

152 (52.6%)

630 (40.4%)

< 0.01

163 (20.8%)

619 (79.2%)

< 0.01

HIV and Sexual Practices Knowledge

 Heard of AIDS (n (%))

4702 (96.7%)

869 (97.1%)

3833 (96.6%)

0.45

2245 (47.8%)

2457 (52.3%)

0.02

 Knows that a healthy looking person can have HIV (n (%))

4092 (84.2%)

757 (84.6%)

3335 (84.1%)

0.69

1915 (46.8%)

2177 (53.2%)

< 0.01

 cHeard of age mixing (n (%))

3278 (67.6%)

573 (64.7%)

2705 (68.3%)

0.04

1503 (45.9%)

1775 (54.2%)

< 0.01

 Heard of transactional sex (n (%))

3429 (71.0%)

603 (68.1%)

2826 (71.6%)

0.04

1596 (46.5%)

1833 (53.5%)

< 0.01

Household structure

 Mother alive (n (%))

4057 (84.0%)

759 (85.7%)

3298 (83.6%)

0.13

2002 (49.4%)

2055 (50.7%)

< 0.01

 Father alive (n (%))

3189 (67.0%)

608 (69.1%)

2581 (66.5%)

0.15

1622 (50.9%)

1567 (49.1%)

< 0.01

 Female-headed household (n (%))

1592 (32.7%)

336 (37.5%)

1256 (31.7%)

< 0.01

739 (46.4%)

853 (53.6%)

0.11

 Number of siblings (mean (SD))

1.46 (1.2)

1.29 (1.1)

1.49 (1.2)

< 0.01

1.54 (1.2)

1.38 (1.2)

< 0.01

 Currently married or in union (n (%))

115 (2.4%)

11 (1.2%)

104 (2.6%)

0.01

0 (0.0%)

115 (100.0%)

< 0.01

  1. aEnrolled in education: This variable corresponds to if an individual said she was enrolled in education at the time of the interview
  2. bTime travelled to school: How long does it take the AGYW to travel from their house to school regardless of the time of day in minutes. Not answered by those not enrolled in education
  3. cAge mixing defined as having sexual intercourse with an individual 10 years or older than one’s self in the last 12 months
  4. P-value are generated to show if there was a significant difference in Reponses between urban versus rural, and comparing enrolled in school and not enrolled in school; significant observation (p-value < 0.05) are bolded
  5. Responses of “Don’t know,” “Refuse to answer,” and “Not Applicable” are not included in this table. Missing values due to skip patterns are also not included in this table
  6. Column totals and percentages were calculated for locality, and row totals and percentages were calculated for in-school versus out-of-school
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