Age and gender specific association between obesity and depressive symptoms: a large-scale cross-sectional study

Table 3 Gender-specific association between obesity and depressive symptoms

Variables	No. of cases	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3
Variables	No. of cases	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
BMI (kg/m²)
Men
Underweight	342	1.62 (1.08–2.43)	1.64 (1.09–2.45)	1.47 (0.98–2.23)
Normal weight	5339	Reference	Reference	Reference
Overweight	4640	0.83 (0.69–0.99)	0.82 (0.68–0.99)	0.85 (0.70–1.02)
General obesity	1875	0.68 (0.52–0.90)	0.67 (0.51–0.88)	0.67 (0.51–0.90)
P for trend		< 0.001	< 0.001	0.001
Women
Underweight	437	1.34 (0.96–1.88)	1.33 (0.95–1.86)	1.36 (0.97–1.92)
Normal weight	7026	Reference	Reference	Reference
Overweight	7028	0.92 (0.80–1.04)	0.90 (0.79–1.03)	0.88 (0.77–1.01)
General obesity	3213	0.98 (0.83–1.15)	0.96 (0.81–1.13)	0.91 (0.77–1.08)
P for trend		0.194	0.127	0.045
P for interaction		0.015	0.021	0.136
WC (cm)^#
Men
Normal WC	8037	Reference	Reference	Reference
Abdominal obesity	4159	0.73 (0.61–0.88)	0.73 (0.60–0.87)	0.76 (0.62–0.92)
Women
Normal WC	7106	Reference	Reference	Reference
Abdominal obesity	10,598	0.92 (0.82–1.03)	0.88 (0.78–0.99)	0.85 (0.76–0.97)
P for interaction		0.043	0.068	0.426

Abbreviation: BMI body mass index; WC waist circumference
Model 1: unadjusted;
Model 2: adjusted for age and gender;
Model 3: adjusted for age, gender, educational level, marital status, average monthly income, physical activity, current smoking, current drinking and chronic disease (including coronary heart disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia)
^# Abdominal obesity was classified as WC ≥ 80 cm for women and WC ≥ 90 cm for men