The rise in the number of long-term survivors from different diseases can slow the increase in life expectancy of the total population

Table 2 Contributions of five major diseases to the increase in life expectancy at age 60 between 1994 and 2016 by improved survival of the subpopulation with disease history and the disease-free subpopulation and by changing population composition in years, Sweden, males and females

		Changing survival
Disease	Sex	After diagnosis	Disease-free pop.	Changing population composition
Myo. infarction	F	0.93 [48.05%]	0.97 [50.51%]	0.03 [1.44%]
	M	1.61 [48.5%]	1.56 [46.93%]	0.15 [4.58%]
Stroke	F	0.78 [39.94%]	1.27 [65.42%]	−0.1 [−5.36%]
	M	0.96 [28.42%]	2.54 [75.47%]	−0.13 [−3.89%]
Hip fracture	F	0.09 [4.76%]	1.82 [93.56%]	0.03 [1.68%]
	M	0.15 [4.43%]	3.26 [96.33%]	−0.03 [−0.76%]
Colon cancer	F	0.13 [6.55%]	1.88 [97.41%]	−0.08 [−3.96%]
	M	0.13 [3.96%]	3.32 [98.29%]	−0.08 [−2.25%]
Brest cancer	F	0.36 [18.43%]	1.72 [89.32%]	−0.15 [−7.75%]

Notes: Life expectancy at age 60 is defined as the average person-years lived between ages 60 and 104. The respective contributions are the sum across the respective age-specific contributions and the related subpopulations. Summing the number in each line leads to the respective total change in life expectancy between 1994 and 2016, or obviously, 100%. The number for the changing population composition includes both the subpopulation with a disease history and the disease-free population. Data: Swedish National Patient Register and Swedish National Cancer Register. Own calculations

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