Table 1 Indicator, indicator question, response frame, and score processing

 Subjective wellbeing [range 0–100]

Thinking about your own life and your personal circumstances, how satisfied are you with your life as a whole?

Turning now to various areas of your life...How satisfied are you with your standard of living? … with your health? … with what you are currently achieving in life? … with your personal relationships? … with how safe you feel? … with feeling part of your community? … with your future security?

Scale from 0 to 10, where 0 is completely dissatisfied and 10 is completely satisfied, answered for each domain area.

Average scale score

Average score of 8 domains is combined into a Personal Wellbeing Index score and converted into a scale maximum score with a range of 0 (completely dissatisfied) to 100 (completely satisfied).

Kappa = 0.84 [38]

 Satisfaction with life as a whole [range 0–10]

Thinking about your own life and your personal circumstances, how satisfied are you with your life as a whole?

Scale 0–10, where 0 is completely dissatisfied and 10 is completely satisfied.

Average scale score

 Perceptions of safety – walking alone during day

Now a question about safety...How safe or unsafe do you feel when you are in the following situations?...Walking in your local area alone during the day

How safe do you feel...? Walking in your local area alone after dark

Very safe;

Safe;

Neither safe nor unsafe;

Unsafe;

Very unsafe;

Never alone in this situation

% of respondents who feel ‘safe’ or ‘very safe’ walking alone in their local area during the day.

 Perceptions of safety – walking alone after dark

Now a question about safety...How safe or unsafe do you feel when you are in the following situations?...Walking in your local area alone during the day

How safe do you feel...? Walking in your local area alone after dark

Very safe;

Safe;

Neither safe nor unsafe;

Unsafe;

Very unsafe;

Never alone in this situation

% of respondents who feel ‘safe’ or ‘very safe’ walking alone in their local area after dark.

 Resilience [range 0–8]

Able to adapt to change …

Tend to bounce back after illness or hardship^a

^aactual question text is proprietary to CD-RISC 2 questionnaire and thus cannot be reproduced here.

Scale 0–4 where:

Not true at all = 0

Rarely true = 1

Sometimes true = 2

Often true = 3

True nearly all the time = 4

(Don’t know)

(Refused)

Average scale score

Scale score is sum of the two item scores for the two items on a scale of 0–8.

Intraclass Correlation = 0.86 [24]

^a‘Adapt to change’ Kappa = 0.38^a

^a‘Bounce back’ Kappa =0.33

 Perceptions of neighbourhood - people are willing to help each other

Now some general questions about your neighbourhood:

On a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 is strongly disagree and 7 is strongly agree, do you agree or disagree that …?

^a(STATEMENTS)

a. People around here are willing to help their neighbours

b. This is a close-knit neighborhood

c. People in this neighbourhood can be trusted

IF RESPONDENT UNSURE ABOUT NEIGHBOURHOOD, SAY: It is whatever you think of as your neighbourhood – this can mean your local area

1. 1 - Strongly disagree

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

6. 6

7. 7 – Strongly agree

8. (Don’t know / not stated)

9. (Refused)

% of respondents who agree with statement 1 (score = 5|6|7).

^aKappa = 0.38

 Perceptions of neighbourhood - this is a close-knit neighbourhood

Now some general questions about your neighbourhood:

On a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 is strongly disagree and 7 is strongly agree, do you agree or disagree that …?

^a(STATEMENTS)

a. People around here are willing to help their neighbours

b. This is a close-knit neighborhood

c. People in this neighbourhood can be trusted

IF RESPONDENT UNSURE ABOUT NEIGHBOURHOOD, SAY: It is whatever you think of as your neighbourhood – this can mean your local area

1. 1 - Strongly disagree

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

6. 6

7. 7 – Strongly agree

8. (Don’t know / not stated)

9. (Refused)

% of respondents who agree with statement 2 (score = 5|6|7).

^aKappa =0.38

 Perceptions of neighbourhood - people can be trusted

Now some general questions about your neighbourhood:

On a scale of 1 to 7, where 1 is strongly disagree and 7 is strongly agree, do you agree or disagree that …?

^a(STATEMENTS)

a. People around here are willing to help their neighbours

b. This is a close-knit neighborhood

c. People in this neighbourhood can be trusted

IF RESPONDENT UNSURE ABOUT NEIGHBOURHOOD, SAY: It is whatever you think of as your neighbourhood – this can mean your local area

1. 1 - Strongly disagree

2. 2

3. 3

4. 4

5. 5

6. 6

7. 7 – Strongly agree

8. (Don’t know / not stated)

9. (Refused)

% of respondents who agree with statement 3 (score = 5|6|7).

^aKappa = 0.44

 Low gender equity score

The statements I’m about to read out describe different attitudes that people have. Please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree.

a. Men should take control in relationships and be the head of the household

b. Women prefer a man to be in charge of the relationship

5. Strongly agree;

4. Somewhat agree;

3. Neither agree nor disagree;

2. Somewhat disagree;

1. Strongly disagree;

(Don’t Know / Can’t Say);

(Refused)

% low gender equity

Score for each question multiplied by 10, then both question scores summed. Low gender equity is score < 70.

 High gender equity score

The statements I’m about to read out describe different attitudes that people have. Please tell me whether you strongly agree, somewhat agree, somewhat disagree or strongly disagree.

a. Men should take control in relationships and be the head of the household

b. Women prefer a man to be in charge of the relationship

5. Strongly agree;

4. Somewhat agree;

3. Neither agree nor disagree;

2. Somewhat disagree;

1. Strongly disagree;

(Don’t Know / Can’t Say);

(Refused)

% high gender equity

Score for each question multiplied by 10, then both question scores summed. High gender equity is score > 90.

 0 days per week

 1–3 days per week

 4+ days per week

In a usual week, on how many days do you do a total of 30 min or more of physical activity, which was enough to raise your breathing rate?

This may include sport, exercise and brisk walking or cycling for recreation or to get to and from places, but should not include housework, gardening or physical activity that may be part of your job.

None;

Number of days given (1–7);

(Not applicable);

(Don’t know)

(Refused)

% of respondents selecting ‘None’.

% of respondents reporting 1–3 days.

% of respondents reporting 4+ days.

^aKappa = 0.53

 Participation in any organised physical activity

Is the [(name of sport/physical activity)] organised by a club, association or other organisation?

1. Yes

2. No

3. (Don’t know)

4. (Refused)

% answering ‘Yes’

^aKappa = 0.81

 Organised by a fitness, leisure or indoor sports centre

What type of club, association or organisation organised the [<name of sport/physical activity>]?

1. Fitness, leisure or indoor sports centre

% participating in sport via a fitness, leisure or indoor sports centre

^aKappa =0.41

 Organised by a sports club or association

What type of club, association or organisation organised the [<name of sport/physical activity>]?

2. Sports club or association

% participating in sport via a sports club or association

^aKappa = 0.78

 Participation in any non-organised physical activity

Is the [(name of sport/physical activity)] organised by a club, association or other organisation?

1. Yes

2. No

3. (Don’t know)

4. (Refused)

% answering ‘No’

^aKappa = 0.64

 Activity type - walking

What are the three main types of physical activities that you USUALLY do?

Free response

% of respondents mentioning ‘Walking’ as one of their top three physical activity types AND declared it as a non-organised activity type.

 Activity type - jogging or running

What are the three main types of physical activities that you USUALLY do?

Free response

% of respondents mentioning ‘Jogging’ or ‘Running’ as one of their top three physical activity types AND declared it as a non-organised activity type.

 Activity type - cycling

What are the three main types of physical activities that you USUALLY do?

Free response

% of respondents mentioning ‘Cycling’ as one of their top three physical activity types AND declared it as a non-organised activity type.

 Participates alone

Who do you usually do the [<name of sport/physical activity>] with?

By yourself

With friends/family

Other (specify)

(Don’t know)

(Refused)

% of respondents selecting ‘By yourself’

 Participates with someone

Who do you usually do the [<name of sport/physical activity>] with?

By yourself

With friends/family

Other (specify)

(Don’t know)

(Refused)

% of respondents selecting ‘With friend/ family’ AND ‘Other’, where other is not a pet.

 Time spent sitting on usual work day (hours: minutes)

The following question is about sitting at work, including meal and snack breaks and time spent sitting at a desk. How much time do you spend sitting at work on a usual work day?

Record time (hours/ minutes) per day; Did not sit at work; (Don’t know) (Refused)

% who spend 6 or more hours sitting in a typical work day

^aPearson correlation = 0.92

 Number of serves of vegetables per day

Now some questions about food. How many serves of vegetables do you USUALLY eat each day - a ‘serve’ is ½ cup of cooked vegetables or 1 cup of salad vegetables.

NB: “Vegetables” includes potatoes, hot potato chips, but excludes potato crisps and excludes vegetable juice.

Record number of serves PER DAY; (Don’t know)

(Refused)

Average number of serves per day

Interquartile range = 1.71 [39]

 Number of serves of fruit per day

How many serves of fruit do you USUALLY eat each day - a ‘serve’ is 1 medium piece or 2 small pieces of fruit or 1 cup of diced pieces.

NB: Excludes fruit juice

Record number of serves PER DAY; (Don’t know)

(Refused)

Average number of serves per day

Interquartile range = 0.14 [39]

 Eats take-away meals 3 or more days per week

How often do you eat take away meals and snacks that are bought from fast food or takeaway food outlets? Examples could be pizza, hamburgers, hot chips.

Most days (6–7 times per week); 3–5 times per week; 1–2 times per week; 2–3 times per month; Once per month; Less than once per month; Never; (Don’t know); (Refused)

% of respondents selecting ‘Most days’ or ‘3–5 times per week’.

^aKappa = 0.53

 No water consumed per day

How many cups of water do you usually drink in a day? 1 cup = 250 ml or a household cup. 1 average 600 mL bottle of water = 2.5 cups.

Number of cups per day given or Number of litres per day given;

- Average cups per day

 Number of cups of water consumed per day

How many cups of water do you usually drink in a day? 1 cup = 250 ml or a household cup. 1 average 600 mL bottle of water = 2.5 cups.

Number of cups per day given or Number of litres per day given;

- Average cups per day

 At risk of short-term harm each month

How often do you drink five or more standard drinks in a single session? A standard drink is equal to 1 pot of full strength beer, 1 small glass of wine or 1 pub-sized nip of spirits.

1. Every day

2. 5–6 days a week

3. 3–4 days a week

4. 1–2 days a week

5. 2–3 days a month

6. About 1 day a month

7. Less often

8. Never

9. (Don’t know)

10. (Refused)

Percentage of people drinking five or more standard drinks in a single session at least once a month.

 At very high risk of short-term harm each month

How often do you drink eleven or more standard drinks in a single session?

1. Every day

2. 5–6 days a week

3. 3–4 days a week

4. 1–2 days a week

5. 2–3 days a month

6. About 1 day a month

7. Less often

8. Never

9. (Don’t know)

10. (Refused)

Percentage of people drinking 11 or more standard drinks in a single session at least once a month.

 Alcohol culture - getting drunk occasionally is OK, perceived

Do you agree or disagree that your FAMILY AND FRIENDS think that getting drunk every now and then is okay? By getting drunk I mean drinking to the point of ‘losing balance’.

Strongly agree; Somewhat agree; (Neither agree nor disagree); Somewhat disagree; Strongly disagree; (Don’t Know / Can’t Say); (Refused)

Percentage of people agreeing or strongly agreeing with the question statement.

^aKappa = 0.26

 Alcohol culture - getting drunk occasionally is OK, personal

Do you PERSONALLY agree or disagree that getting drunk every now and then is okay? By getting drunk I mean drinking to the point of ‘losing balance’.

Strongly agree; Somewhat agree; (Neither agree nor disagree); Somewhat disagree; Strongly disagree; (Don’t Know / Can’t Say); (Refused)

Percentage of people agreeing or strongly agreeing with the question statement.

^aKappa = 0.32