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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants across glycemic categories: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (phase IV: 2008–2011)

From: Sex-specific prevalence of coronary heart disease among Tehranian adult population across different glycemic status: Tehran lipid and glucose study, 2008–2011

 

Men

Women

NFG/NGT

Prediabetes (IFG or IGT)

DM

P-value*

NFG/NGT

Prediabetes (IFG or IGT)

DM

P-value*

Number of participants

1891

1000

536

 

2531

1040

720

 

Continuous variables, Mean ± SD

 Age (year)

47.2 ± 12.8

53.6 ± 13.7

59.5 ± 12.6

< 0.001

45.2 ± 11.5

52.8 ± 11.9

58.7 ± 10.7

< 0.001

 BMI (kg/m2)

26.6 ± 4.0

28.0 ± 4.1

28.1 ± 4.1

< 0.001

28.5 ± 4.7

31.4 ± 18

31.3 ± 5.6

< 0.001

 Waist to hip ratio × 100

95.9 ± 6.3

98.6 ± 5.7

100.6 ± 5.7

< 0.001

90.7 ± 7.6

95.2 ± 7.4

99.2 ± 6.8

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

117.1 ± 15.6

124.0 ± 18.3

130 ± 19.2

< 0.001

111.9 ± 16.2

122.2 ± 19.5

129.8 ± 22.0

< 0.001

 DBP (mmHg)

78.9 ± 10.5

80.8 ± 10.8

82.3 ± 11.0

< 0.001

74.7 ± 10.4

78.4 ± 10.8

79.8 ± 11.6

< 0.001

 Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.9 ± 0.9

5.0 ± 1.0

4.8 ± 1.0

< 0.001

5.0 ± 0.9

5.4 ± 1.0

5.3 ± 1.2

< 0.001

 HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.1 ± 0.2

1.1 ± 0.2

1.1 ± 0.2

0.109

1.3 ± 0.3

1.3 ± 0.3

1.2 ± 0.3

< 0.001

 Triglyceride (mmol/L)

1.5 (1.1–2.1)

1.7 (1.2–2.3)

1.8 (1.3–2.5)

< 0.001

1.2 (0.9–1.7)

1.6 (1.2–2.2)

1.9 (1.4–2.8)

< 0.001

Categorical variables, n (%)

 Smoking status

   

< 0.001

   

0.382

  - Never

1055 (55.8%)

578 (57.8%)

303 (56.5%)

 

2403 (94.9%)

994 (95.6%)

690 (96.0%)

 

  - Past

345 (18.2%)

227 (22.7%)

140 (26.1%)

 

45 (1.8%)

16 (1.5%)

15 (2.1%)

 

  - Current

491 (26.0%)

195 (19.5%)

93 (17.4%)

 

83 (3.3%)

30 (2.9%)

14 (1.9%)

 

 Education level

   

< 0.001

   

< 0.001

  - < 6 years

283 (15.0%)

256 (25.6%)

198 (36.9%)

 

578 (22.8%)

448 (43.1%)

450 (62.6%)

 

  - 6–12 years

1042 (55.1%)

524 (52.4%)

255 (47.6%)

 

1405 (55.5%)

491 (47.2%)

232 (32.3%)

 

  - > 12 years

566 (29.9%)

220 (22.0%)

83 (15.5%)

 

548 (21.7%)

101 (9.7%)

37 (5.1%)

 

 Low physical activity, yes

723 (39.6%)

401 (43.3%)

203 (41.6%)

0.169

620 (24.6%)

272 (26.6%)

259 (37.6%)

< 0.001

 Family history of premature CVD, yes

78 (4.1%)

43 (4.3%)

28 (5.2%)

0.543

160 (6.3%)

81 (7.8%)

47 (6.5%)

0.276

 Lipid-lowering medication, yes

80 (4.2%)

96 (9.6%)

129 (24.1%)

< 0.001

129 (5.1%)

131 (12.6%)

262 (36.4%)

< 0.001

 Anti-hypertensive medication, yes

126 (6.7%)

121 (12.1%)

148 (27.6%)

< 0.001

194 (7.7%)

215 (20.7%)

317 (44.1%)

< 0.001

  1. Values are shown as Mean ± SD and number (%), for continuous and categorical variables, respectively; Triglycerides are given as median (interquartile range) due to skewed distribution
  2. BMI Body mass index, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, HDL-C High density lipoprotein cholesterol, CVD Cardiovascular disease, NFG Normal fasting glucose, NGT Normal glucose tolerance, IFG Impaired fasting glucose, IGT Impaired glucose tolerance, DM Diabetes mellitus
  3. *The comparison p-value between groups was calculated using ANOVA test for normal continues variables, chi-square test for categorical variables and kruskal wallis test for skewed variables
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