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Table 6 Agreement with sanitation related statements among respondents

From: Cluster-randomised trial to test the effect of a behaviour change intervention on toilet use in rural India: results and methodological considerations

Item

Control

Intervention

PD, %

95% CI

APD%

95% CI

N

%

N

%

Most people around here use a toilet regularly.

1214

83.6

1278

89.5

5.2

1.0/9.4

4.6

0.5/8.7

Everyone in my household uses a toilet.

1214

87.0

1278

90.9

3.8

−1.0/ 8.6

2.8

− 1.9/7.5

Many people around here are improving their toilets.

1214

71.6

1278

77.2

5.5

1.1/ 9.9

5.6

1.2/10.1

Using a toilet saves time and effort compared to open defecation.

1214

97.9

1278

98.2

0.3

−1.0/1.6

0.3

−1.0/1.6

Using a toilet builds your reputation in the community.

1214

97.6

1278

97.9

0.2

−1.2/1.7

0.0

−1.5/1.5

A smart person is one who uses a toilet.

1214

53.0

1278

51.6

−1.2

−6.5/4.2

− 1.1

−6.4/4.3

It is possible to feel proud of one’s toilet.

1214

94.9

1278

96.6

1.7

−0.2/3.5

1.4

−0.4/3.2

Most people around here think it’s good to use a toilet.

1214

96.1

1278

96.9

0.7

−1.3/2.8

0.5

− 1.6/2.6

Using a latrine gives me a ‘packed’ (claustrophobic) feeling.

1214

6.7

1278

5.5

−1.3

−3.3/0.7

−0.8

−2.8/1.1

Toilets are not just for women; men should use them too.

1214

81.0

1278

79.4

−1.2

−6.3/4.0

− 1.0

−6.2/4.2

It is appropriate to have a toilet as good as your house.

1214

98.4

1278

98.6

0.1

−0.9/1.2

0.0

−1.0/1.1

It is ok for poor people to practice open defecation.

1214

21.6

1278

17.7

−4.0

−7.1/−1.0

−3.3

−6.2/−0.4

Toilet pits fill quickly if too many people in the household use them.

1214

66.1

1278

65.7

0.1

−4.7/5.0

0.5

−4.2/5.3

Most of the people I care about think I should use a toilet.

1214

96.0

1278

95.9

−0.1

−1.9/1.7

−0.2

−1.9/1.4

People around here think a household should have a good toilet.

1214

97.9

1278

98.0

0.1

−1.1/1.3

0.1

−1.1/1.3

Even if no one else around here had a good toilet, I would still make sure I had one.

1214

91.4

1278

94.1

2.7

−0.4/5.8

2.1

−0.9/5.2

During farming season, most people around here defecate in the field/open

1214

68.7

1278

62.5

−5.9

−11.0/0.8

−4.9

−9.8/0.1

Defecating in the field is more convenient than using a toilet

1214

18.4

1278

17.8

−0.5

−4.1/3.2

0.4

−3.3/4.1

Having a good toilet at home is a mark of better status in the village

1214

98.1

1278

98.1

−0.1

−1.3/1.2

−0.1

−1.3/1.1

  1. PD prevalence difference, calculated using linear regression (function: Gaussian, link: identity). Clustering at village level was adjusted for by using generalised estimating equations and robust standard errors. APD adjusted prevalence difference. PD was adjusted for asset index (continuous variable) and maximum male education level (dichotomised into primary or less vs secondary or higher)