Individual risk factors | Positive association | No association | Unclear association |
---|---|---|---|
Aged between 10 and 24 years | 6 studies Quantitative Alleyne et al, 2010; Alleyne et al, 2014; Barlas et al, 2006; Falshaw et al, 1997; Hayden et al, 2010; Qualitative Densley et al, 2015; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
Gender | 3 studies Quantitative Males Falshaw et al, 1997; Nasr et al, 2010; Females Hayden et al, 2010; | 3 studies Quantitative Alleyne et al, 2010; Alleyne et al, 2014; Qualitative Briggs et al, 2009 | 1 study Quantitative Barlas et al, 2006; |
Ethnicity | 1 study Quantitative Smith I et al, 2007; | 3 studies Quantitative Alleyne et al, 2010; Alleyne et al, 2016; Smith D et al, 2007; | 0 studies |
Education | 3 studies Quantitative Bailey et al, 2001; Clement et al, 2010; Hayden et al, 2010; | 0 studies | 1 study Qualitative Briggs et al, 2010 |
Adverse childhood experiences | 7 studies Quantitative Alleyne et al, 2010; Bailey et al, 2001; Falshaw et al, 1997; Smith D et al, 2007; Smith I et al, 2007; Wood J et al, 2017; Qualitative Briggs et al, 2010; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
Poor mental health | 3 studies Quantitative Bailey et al, 2001; Barlas et al, 2006; Wood J et al, 2017; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
Previous victimisation | 3 studies Quantitative Barlas et al, 2006; Smith D et al, 2007; Wood J et al, 2017; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
History of violent behaviour | Not identified | Not identified | Not identified |
Relationship risk factors | Positive association | No association | Unclear association |
Poor parental attachment | 2 studies Quantitative Nasr et al, 2010; Smith D et al, 2007; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
High-risk peer groups | 7 studies Quantitative Alleyne et al, 2010; Alleyne et al, 2016; Barlas et al, 2006; Falshaw et al, 1997; Hayden et al, 2010; Smith D et al, 2007; Qualitative Briggs et al, 2010; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
Marital Discord | Not identified | Not identified | Not identified |
Low socioeconomic household status | Not identified | Not identified | Not identified |
Community risk factors | Positive association | No association | Unclear association |
Deprivation/high rates of unemployment | 6 studies Quantitative Alleyne et al, 2010; Alleyne et al, 2016; Nasr et al, 2010: Wood R, et al 2010; Qualitative Briggs et al, 2010; Densley et al, 2015; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
High crime levels | 1 study Quantitative Wood R, et al 2010; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
Low social cohesion | 1 study Quantitative Barlas et al, 2006; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
High residential mobility | Not identified | Not identified | Not identified |
Societal risk factors | Positive association | No association | Unclear association |
Economic inequality | 3 studies Quantitative Nasr et al, 2010; Wood R, et al 2010; Qualitative Densley et al, 2015; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
Marginalisation/ stigma/ discrimination | 4 studies Quantitative Alleyne et al, 2010; Alleyne et al, 2016; Qualitative Densley et al, 2011; Densley et al, 2015; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
Perception of status and masculinity | 6 studies Quantitative Alleyne et al, 2010; Alleyne et al, 2014; Alleyne et al, 2016; Barlas et al, 2006; Clement et al, 2010; Qualitative Briggs et al, 2010; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
Relationship with police | 3 studies Quantitative Alleyne et al, 2010; Alleyne et al, 2016; Qualitative Densley et al, 2010; | 0 studies | 0 studies |
Rapid Social Change | Not identified | Not identified | Not identified |
Cultural norms | Not identified | Not identified | Not identified |
Gender Inequalities | Not identified | Not identified | Not identified |