Variables
|
2000
|
2005
|
2011
|
2016
|
2000–2016
|
P for trend
|
---|
aAOR (95% CI)
|
aAOR (95% CI)
|
aAOR (95% CI)
|
aAOR (95% CI)
|
aAOR (95% CI)
|
---|
Socioeconomic factors
|
Women’s education
|
No schooling
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.005
|
Primary school
|
0.86 (0.56, 1.31)
|
0.97 (0.44, 2.18)
|
1.27 (0.83, 1.92)
|
1.00 (0.57, 1.76)
|
1.00 (0.82, 1.21)
|
0.115
|
Secondary and higher
|
1.10 (0.69, 1.78)
|
0.93 (0.43, 2.03)
|
0.99 (0.68, 1.47)
|
1.35 (0.77, 2.37)
|
1.28 (0.94, 1.74)
|
0.225
|
Women’s employment
|
No employment
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.265
|
Formal employment
|
0.73 (0.49, 1.08)
|
0.93 (0.64, 1.36)
|
0.84 (0.64, 1.11)
|
0.76 (0.56, 1.04)
|
0.83 (0.70, 0.97)
|
0.119
|
Informal employment
|
0.98 (0.50, 1.92)
|
1.02 (0.61, 1.70)
|
0.86 (0.57, 1.27)
|
0.73 (0.44, 1.22)
|
0.90 (0.69, 1.17)
|
0.021
|
Marital status
|
Not married
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.330
|
Currently married
|
0.73 (0.42, 1.26)
|
0.38 (0.17, 0.84)
|
0.59 (0.24, 1.42)
|
0.82 (0.45, 1.48)
|
0.63 (0.44, 0.91)
|
0.001
|
Formerly married
|
1.12 (0.69, 1.81)
|
0.90 (0.45, 1.81)
|
0.74 (0.32, 1.71)
|
1.77 (0.91, 3.45)
|
1.05 (0.76, 1.45)
|
0.132
|
Household wealth status
|
Poor
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.892
|
Middle
|
0.77 (0.56, 1.06)
|
0.89 (0.61, 1.30)
|
0.10 (0.03, 0.31)
|
2.99 (0.90, 9.97)
|
0.76 (0.58, 0.99)
|
0.931
|
Rich
|
0.25 (0.11, 0.55)
|
0.52 (0.24, 1.11)
|
0.29 (0.13, 0.68)
|
0.74 (0.35, 1.56)
|
0.69 (0.54, 0.89)
|
0.001
|
Demographic factors
|
Women’s age
|
15–24 years
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.484
|
25–34 years
|
0.94 (0.62, 1.41)
|
1.37 (0.70, 2.66)
|
1.10 (0.78, 1.55)
|
0.88 (0.58, 1.34)
|
0.99 (0.82, 1.20)
|
0.028
|
35–49 years
|
1.63 (0.91, 2.92)
|
0.81 (0.39, 1.68)
|
1.29 (0.72, 2.32)
|
1.00 (0.59, 1.70)
|
1.21 (0.89, 1.66)
|
< 0.001
|
Parity
|
None
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.460
|
1–4 children
|
1.06 (0.69, 1.63)
|
1.12 (0.46, 2.71)
|
1.15 (0.53, 2.50)
|
0.77 (0.46, 1.27)
|
1.03 (0.74, 1.43)
|
0.010
|
5+ children
|
1.12 (0.55, 2.28)
|
1.79 (0.54, 5.92)
|
1.34 (0.41, 4.40)
|
0.67 (0.27, 1.65)
|
1.23 (0.76, 1.99)
|
< 0.001
|
Behavioural factors
|
Listening radio
|
No
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.085
|
Yes
|
0.77 (0.67, 1.34)
|
1.03 (0.61, 1.77)
|
0.65 (0.49, 0.85)
|
0.67 (0.45, 0.98)
|
0.64 (0.66, 0.93)
|
0.038
|
Read magazine
|
No
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.004
|
Yes
|
1.28 (0.82, 2.00)
|
1.04 (0.49, 2.20)
|
1.06 (0.82, 1.37)
|
1.23 (0.98, 1.53)
|
1.14 (0.96, 1.34)
|
0.116
|
Watch television
|
No
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.005
|
Yes
|
1.03 (0.79, 1.36)
|
0.76 (0.50, 1.14)
|
1.09 (0.82, 1.43)
|
1.16 (0.61, 2.22)
|
1.03 (0.84, 1.25)
|
0.155
|
Community-level factor
|
Region of residence
|
Tigray
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
1.00
|
0.279
|
Afar
|
0.61 (0.41, 0.92)
|
0.44 (0.17, 1.10)
|
1.09 (0.68, 1.75)
|
1.21 (0.78, 1.86)
|
0.91 (0.67, 1.22)
|
0.009
|
Amhara
|
1.00 (0.53, 1.88)
|
0.47 90.23, 0.97)
|
0.81 (0.39, 1.67)
|
0.54 (0.32, 0.90)
|
0.75 (0.51, 1.10)
|
0.014
|
Oromia
|
0.70 (0.42, 1.16)
|
0.57 (0.25, 1.33)
|
0.70 (0.45, 1.11)
|
0.82 (0.56, 1.19)
|
0.67 (0.52, 0.86)
|
0.969
|
Somali
|
3.06 (1.18, 7.89)
|
0.91 (0.43, 1.93)
|
0.63 (0.36, 1.11)
|
0.85 (0.47, 1.53)
|
1.04 (0.67, 1.63)
|
0.016
|
Benishangul
|
1.63 (1.04, 2.54)
|
1.20 (0.32, 4.46)
|
0.54 (0.29, 1.00)
|
0.49 (0.20, 1.25)
|
0.87 (0.63, 1.21)
|
0.003
|
SNNPRb
|
0.54 (0.23, 1.28)
|
0.33 (0.16, 0.72)
|
0.50 (0.27, 0.95)
|
0.24 (0.14, 0.42)
|
0.43 (0.30, 0.61)
|
< 0.001
|
Gambella
|
1.17 (0.40, 3.38)
|
0.93 (0.28, 3.15)
|
0.72 (0.37, 1.43)
|
1.32 (0.83, 2.08)
|
1.10 (0.75, 1.63)
|
0.521
|
Metropolis
|
0.64 (0.42, 0.99)
|
0.49 (0.28, 0.84)
|
0.51 (0.34, 0.76)
|
0.70 (0.54, 0.92)
|
0.55 (0.46, 0.67)
|
0.901
|
- aAORs of socioeconomic factors were adjusted for demographic, behavioural and community level factors; AORs of demographic factors were adjusted for socioeconomic, behavioural and community level factors; AORs of behavioural factors were adjusted for socioeconomic, demographic, and community level factors; AORs of community-level factors were adjusted for socioeconomic, demographic, and behavioural factors
- bSNNPR Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region