Variables | 2000 | 2005 | 2011 | 2016 | 2000–2016 | 2000–2016 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | aDiff (95% CI) | |
Socioeconomic factors | ||||||
 Women’s education | ||||||
  No schooling | 64 (7.4) | 30 (11.5) | 105 (13.7) | 95 (18.5) | 294 (12.2) | 11.1 (6.1, 16.2) |
  Primary school | 64 (10.3) | 30 (10.6) | 201 (13.1) | 228 (21.7) | 523 (15.0) | 11.3 (5.1, 17.6) |
  Secondary and higher | 151 (14.2) | 98 (17.2) | 228 (18.0) | 341 (22.2) | 818 (18.4) | 8.0 (3.1, 12.9) |
 Women’s employment | ||||||
  No employment | 109 (9.8) | 76 (12.0) | 206 (13.7) | 219 (17.1) | 610 (13.5) | 7.3 (2.9, 11.6) |
  Formal employment | 133 (14.3) | 75 (21.1) | 258 (18.0) | 391 (27.2) | 857 (20.6) | 12.8 (7.1, 18.6) |
  Informal employment | 37 (7.4) | 6 (5.0) | 68 (11.2) | 54 (14.3) | 165 (10.3) | 6.9 (3.5, 13.4) |
 Marital status | ||||||
  Not married | 88 (8.1) | 43 (8.4) | 113 (7.4) | 143 (11.2) | 388 (8.8) | 3.1 (−0.4, 6.6) |
  Currently married | 144 (14.4) | 85 (21.1) | 348 (22.1) | 414 (29.4) | 992 (22.6) | 14.9 (8.3, 21.6) |
  Formerly married | 47 (9.9) | 29 (15.5) | 72 (15.3) | 107 (25.5) | 256 (16.5) | 15.6 (7.7, 23.9) |
 Household wealth status | ||||||
  Poor | 135 (8.4) | 54 (8.8) | 3 (2.8) | 3 (2.9) | 195 (8.0) | −6.8 (−12.3, −1.3) |
  Middle | 107 (16.6) | 54 (21.2) |  | 1 (2.1) | 162 (16.6) | −10.3 (−16.3, −4.4) |
  Rich | 8 (11.6) | 30 (27.4) | 531 (15.4) | 661 (22.4) | 1229 (18.7) | 11.8 (7.5, 16.2) |
 Toilet facility | ||||||
  Unimproved | 46 (6.2) | 50 (9.6) | 205 (10.0) | 216 (14.2) | 517 (10.7) | 8.0 (3.3, 12.7) |
  Improved | 233 (12.8) | 102 (18.1) | 325 (21.7) | 437 (28.4) | 1096 (20.3) | 15.6 (10.6, 20.5) |
 Source of drinking water | ||||||
  Unimproved | 33 (9.1) | 4 (4.3) | 37 (12.1) | 66 (12.2) | 140 (10.8) | 3.1 (−4.3, 10.6) |
  Improved | 246 (11.2) | 154 (15.0) | 496 (15.2) | 599 (23.4) | 1496 (16.5) | 12.1 (7.7, 16.6) |
Demographic factors | ||||||
 Women’s age | ||||||
  15–24 years | 85 (6.8) | 42 (7.4) | 128 (7.4) | 131 (10.0) | 386 (7.9) | 3.2 (−0.1, 6.5) |
  25–34 years | 93 (13.6) | 57 (19.9) | 197 (18.0) | 260 (24.6) | 607 (19.4) | 11.1 (5.7, 16.4) |
  35–49 years | 101 (16.5) | 58 (22.7) | 29 (28.1) | 274 (37.4) | 642 (27.4) | 20.9 (11.8, 30.1) |
 Parity | ||||||
  None | 105 (8.5) | 57 (9.7) | 145 (8.4) | 191 (12.6) | 498 (9.8) | 4.1 (0.5, 7.7) |
  1–4 children | 115 (13.2) | 76 (19.5) | 309 (21.2) | 408 (31.3) | 908 (22.6) | 18.1 (12.0, 24.2) |
  5+ children | 59 (13.3) | 25 (18.3) | 79 (20.5) | 65 (23.3) | 229 (18.3) | 10.0 (−0.2, 20.2) |
Behavioural factors | ||||||
 Listening radio | ||||||
  No | 49 (7.8) | 33 (15.9) | 130 (15.4) | 261 (19.3) | 474 (15.6) | 11.5 (6.1, 16.8) |
  Yes | 230 (12.0) | 122 (13.6) | 403 (14.9) | 403 (23.0) | 1158 (15.9) | 11.1 (6.8, 15.4) |
 Read magazine | ||||||
  No | 157 (10.1) | 70 (13.2) | 282 (14.3) | 382 (18.4) | 890 (14.6) | 8.3 (3.9, 12.6) |
  Yes | 122 (12.1) | 88 (15.3) | 251 (15.8) | 283 (27.4) | 743 (17.7) | 15.3 (10.5, 20.2) |
 Watch television | ||||||
  No | 87 (7.2) | 29 (9.9) | 56 (7.6) | 72 (10.1) | 244 (8.3) | 3.0 (−1.7, 7.6) |
  Yes | 192 (14.3) | 129 (15.7) | 477 (16.9) | 592 (24.8) | 1390 (18.8) | 10.5 (6.0, 15.1) |
Community-level factors | ||||||
 Region of residence | ||||||
  Tigray | 6 (2.7) | 4 (4.5) | 24 (8.8) | 41 (16.1) | 75 (9.0) | 13.4 (7.3, 19.6) |
  Afar | 4 (12.5) | 2 (18.3) | 4 (10.1) | 6 (19.0) | 16 (14.3) | 6.5 (−2.8, 15.9) |
  Amhara | 34 (7.5) | 20 (11.3) | 74 (8.5) | 71 (10.7) | 198 (9.2) | 3.2 (−2.2, 8.6) |
  Oromia | 87 (10.7) | 48 (14.2) | 121 (14.2) | 194 (25.1) | 451 (16.2) | 14.3 (2.5, 26.1) |
  Somali | 4 (8.3) | 11 (26.1) | 31 (26.8) | 17 (25.0) | 62 (23.0) | 16.7 (7.7, 25.6) |
  Benishangul | 1 (2.9) | 1 (10.8) | 3 (9.0) | 5 (20.5) | 9 (11.3) | 17.6 (11.1, 24.1) |
  SNNPRb | 27 (10.7) | 10 (10.8) | 97 (20.5) | 60 (16.5) | 194 (16.4) | 5.8 (−7.8, 19.4) |
  Gambella | 1 (3.8) | 1 (5.2) | 3 (13.6) | 2 (13.5) | 6 (10.9) | 9.7 (4.2, 15.1) |
  Metropolis | 117 (16.1) | 62 (17.6) | 177 (20.1) | 269 (29.4) | 625 (21.7) | 13.3 (10.5, 16.0) |